Detección de herpesvirus bovino 4 (BoHV-4) en rodeos lecheros de Uruguay

Abstract

espanolEl herpesvirus bovino 4 (BoHV-4) es un gammaherpesvirus dis-tribuido mundialmente. Se ha aislado tanto de animales sanos como enfermos con afecciones respiratorias, vulvovaginitis, mastitis, abortos y endometritis. Realiza infeccion latente en ce-lulas monociticas y del sistema nervioso periferico y/o central. La baja eficiencia reproductiva es un problema identificado en la ganaderia uruguaya. Los agentes virales con impacto repro-ductivo identificados en el pais incluyen el virus de la rinotra-queitis infecciosa bovina (herpesvirus bovino 1, BoHV-1) y el virus de la diarrea viral bovina (BVDV). Teniendo en cuenta que paises de la region han puesto en evidencia la presencia de BoHV-4 y la posible relacion de este virus con problemas reproductivos, el objetivo de este estudio fue explorar la pre-sencia de BoHV-4 en rodeos de bovinos lecheros de Uruguay. Se utilizo ELISA comercial para detectar anticuerpos especifi-cos contra BoHV-1, BoHV-4 y BVDV y PCR para confirmar la presencia de ADN de BoHV-4, realizando posteriormente la secuenciacion genetica. Se utilizaron 597 muestras de sue-ro de vacas Holando de los departamentos de Florida, Duraz-no y Tacuarembo. Del total, 195 (32,7%) tuvieron anticuerpos para BoHV-4, 285 (47,7%) para BoHV-1 y 564 (94,4%) para BVDV. Se detecto el ADN de BoHV-4 en 13/17 muestras. El alineamiento del arbol filogenetico demostro un alto nivel de identidad (97,2%) entre las cepas uruguayas y de otros pai-ses. Esta representa la primera comunicacion de la detecci-on de BoHV-4 en Uruguay. Estudios futuros deben evaluar la diseminacion del virus en la poblacion bovina y su eventual impacto en la salud y produccion ganadera nacional. EnglishBovine herpesvirus type 4 (BoHV-4) is a gammaherpesvirus worldwide distributed. It has been isolated in healthy and un-healthy animals with respiratory infections, vulvovaginitis, mastitis, abortions and endometritis. The persistent infection of BoHV-4 happens in monocytic cells and tissues that are part of peripherical and/or central nervous system. The reduced re-productive efficiency and the low index of procreation are the main problems in the Uruguayan breeding cattle. Reproduc-tive tract infections include two main viruses identified in the country, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus (bovine herpesvirus type 1, BoHV-1) and bovine viral diarrhea vi-rus (BVDV). In some countries of the region have been evi-denced the presence of BoHV-4 and your possible relationship with reproductive problems. Thus, the main aim of this study is to detect the presence of BoHV-4 in Uruguayan dairy herds. Commercial ELISA were used to detected BoHV-4, BoHV-1 and BVDV antibodies. PCR was used to detect the presence of BoHV-4 DNA and the products were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Were used 597 samples of Holstein cattle from Florida, Durazno and Tacuarembo provinces. A total of 195 (32.7%) were positive to BoHV-4, 285 (47.7%) to BoHV-1 and 564 (94.4%) to BVDV antibodies. To BoHV-4 DNA, 13 of 17 samples were positives. The alignment to phylogenetic analysis showed a high degree of similarity (97.2%) among Uruguayan and worldwide strains. This is the first diagnosis of the presence of BoHV-4 in Uruguay. Future studies must evaluate the dis-semination of the virus in the bovine population and the likely impact it has in the dairy healthy and national milk production