(Post-)pandemic Employment Dynamics in a Comparative Perspective

Stefan Jestl, Robert Stehrer
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Policy recommendations Fiscal and monetary policies should remain expansionary to ensure that the nascent labour market recovery continues, allowing a quick recovery to pre-crisis employment levels. Fiscal policy should focus on pressing short-term needs, but also on supporting the EU’s transition to tackle challenges of the future, including the climate crisis and digitalisation. Policymakers need to take into account the pandemic’s divergent employment effects across industries. Employment-support schemes must be kept in place for those industries that are still suffering, and must be quickly re-activated for other areas of the economy in the case of renewed lockdowns in the autumn. This is crucial in order to minimise as much as possible the permanent labour market scarring that the pandemic will cause. Policymakers need to put particular emphasis on younger and low-skilled workers, as well as those in heavily affected industries and regions. If the pandemic has caused a permanent, structural shift in the nature of work and demand for particular skills, active labour market policies must be enacted to support the transition. Workers lacking digital skills or those living in areas with a high reliance on tourism are likely to be particularly exposed. It is of vital importance that the social security system, rather than workers themselves, bears the brunt of this transition. Long-term unemployment must be minimised as much as possible. The longer workers spend without a job, the harder it will be to reintegrate them back into the labour market.
从比较的角度看大流行后的就业动态
政策建议财政和货币政策应保持扩张性,以确保新生的劳动力市场持续复苏,使就业迅速恢复到危机前的水平。财政政策应侧重于紧迫的短期需求,但也应支持欧盟向应对未来挑战的过渡,包括气候危机和数字化。政策制定者需要考虑到疫情对各行业就业的不同影响。必须为那些仍然受到影响的行业保留就业支持计划,并且必须在秋季再次封锁的情况下迅速为其他经济领域重新启动就业支持计划。这是至关重要的,以便尽可能减少大流行将对劳动力市场造成的永久性创伤。政策制定者需要特别重视年轻和低技能工人,以及受影响严重的行业和地区的工人。如果大流行病造成了工作性质和对特定技能需求的永久性结构性转变,就必须制定积极的劳动力市场政策,支持这种转变。缺乏数字技能的工人或生活在高度依赖旅游业地区的工人可能特别容易受到影响。至关重要的是,在这种转变中首当其冲的是社会保障体系,而不是工人本身。必须尽可能地减少长期失业。工人失业的时间越长,就越难让他们重新融入劳动力市场。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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