Ammonia Gas Emission Factor at different Application Rate of Urea in Chinese Cabbage Cultivation

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The main source of ammonia in soils, South Korea is agricultural emissions (e.g., fertilizer application and livestock manure), with the recent emission inventories reporting them to be approximately 80% of the total emissions. Ammonia as a pollutant is originated largely from agricultural activity and is an important con-tributor to air quality issues in South Korea. The im-portance of ammonia in agricultural land is also emer-ging. In this study, the characteristics of ammonia emission from Chinese cabbage cultivation fields with application rates of urea sere were evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS: The ammonia emission characteristics were investigated at the different urea application rates (0, 160, 320, and 640 kg ha -1 ) and the ammonia emission factor in the Chinese cabbage cultivation field was calculated. As application rate of urea application increased, ammonia emissions increased propor-tionally. In 2020 and 2021, cumulative ammonia emissions with urea 320 kg ha -1 treatment were 39.3 and 35.2 kg ha -1 , respectively for 2020 and 2021. When urea fertilizer was applied, the ammonia emission factors were 0.1217 and 0.1358 NH 4+ -N kg N kg -1 in 2020 and 2021, respectively. CONCLUSION(S): Ammonia emissions increased as application rate of urea increased, and the average ammonia emission factor of the Chinese cabbage cultivation field for two years was 0.129 NH 4+ -N kg N kg -1 .