Emerging Contaminants In Indonesian Seafood From Industrial Emission And Their Health Hazards

Abstract

Emerging contaminants (ECs) or contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) has become global awareness of researcher since few decades ago, including Indonesia. Intensive usage of industrial compounds has led to the massive emission to the environment and therefore their potential adverse effect may endanger aquatic organism and human health. Based on the available literatures, organotins and flame retardants as two main groups of ECs from industrial emission identified in Indonesian seafood, as well as worldwide. However, concentration both ECs group detected in Indonesian seafood are relatively low than that in developed countries and the majority of South East Asian countries. Aryl hydrocarbons are reported by only minor literatures in Indonesia and Japan suggested minor interest on the investigation to this compound group. Toxicological studies revealed that ECs emitted from industrial activities has to be concern, ash most of the ECs attributed to endocrine disrupting chemicals. Nevertheless, study on the exposure assessment of ECs in Indonesia is very limited. Regulation issue and laboratory approach are among future focus to be concern in addressing ECs in Indonesia, especially from industrial emission.