Prevalence of Sickle Cell Among Patients Attending Immunogenetic Diagnostic Laboratory Akwanga, Nasarawa State Nigeria

R. T. Ada, P. Ode, Stephen Oche Onah
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Abstract

Sickle Cell Disease is an inherited blood disease caused by abnormal haemoglobin. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of sickle cell among patients attending Immunogenetic Diagnostic Laboratory Akwanga, Nassarawa State. Aseptically, 2mls of blood was collected from the dorsal vein of the patients into Ethylene Diamine Tetra-acetic Acid (EDTA) bottles and mixed gently to prevent clotting. A small quantity of haemolysate from each of the subjects was placed on a cellulose acetate membrane and carefully introduced into the Electrophoretic tank containing Tris-EDTA buffer at pH 8.6. Electrophoretic separation was then allowed to take place for 15-20 minutes at an Electromotive Force (EMF) of 160V. A total of three hundred and eighty three (283) patients consisting of 195 (50.9%) males and 188 (49.1%) females were sampled in the study. Questionnaires were administered to the patients involved in the study as to obtain demographic and other relevant information regarding the research. The prevalence of the HbAA, HbAS and HbSS were 72.32%, 25.06% and 2.60% respectively. Statistically, there was a significant difference (p<0.05) between gender, age, locality and the prevalence of the Sickle Cell as observed in this study. The prevalence recorded for HbSS in this study is low compared to the value range of 1-10% expected for Nigeria. Based on the findings from this study, it is recommended that genetic counseling policies should be developed to enable prospective couples make decisions aimed at reducing the sickling gene pool in our population.
尼日利亚纳萨拉瓦州阿克旺加免疫遗传诊断实验室患者镰状细胞患病率
镰状细胞病是一种由血红蛋白异常引起的遗传性血液病。本研究旨在确定在纳萨罗瓦州阿克旺加免疫遗传诊断实验室就诊的患者中镰状细胞的患病率。在无菌条件下,从患者背静脉采血2ml,装入乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)瓶中,轻轻混合以防止凝血。将每位受试者的少量溶血液放在醋酸纤维素膜上,然后小心地放入含有Tris-EDTA缓冲液的电泳池中,pH为8.6。然后在160V的电动势(EMF)下进行电泳分离15-20分钟。本研究共纳入283例患者,其中男性195例(50.9%),女性188例(49.1%)。对参与研究的患者进行问卷调查,以获得有关研究的人口统计和其他相关信息。HbAA、HbAS和HbSS患病率分别为72.32%、25.06%和2.60%。本研究发现,性别、年龄、地区与镰状细胞患病率之间存在统计学差异(p<0.05)。本研究中记录的HbSS患病率较低,而尼日利亚的预期值范围为1-10%。基于这项研究的发现,我们建议应该制定遗传咨询政策,使未来的夫妇能够做出旨在减少我们人口中镰状基因库的决定。
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