Composition and structure of Creative unions of Kazakhstan in the 60s of the twentieth century

Abstract

The Kazakh representatives of the artistic intellectuals in the Soviet period are known to be united into single creative unions. This enabled to keep them under the complete party and state control. In the first post-war decades, there were no significant substantive and form changes in the activities of the creative unions of the republic. Their composition and structure changed slowly. However, during the years of the Soviet “thaw” and “stagnation”, a new generation of Kazakh intellectuals, the so-called Kazakh “sixties” was formed. The article deals with the process of changes that took place in the 1960s in the composition and structure of the creative unions of Kazakhstan, as well as their importance in the cultural and spiritual life of Kazakhstan. In the 60s, the quantitative and qualitative changes took place in the structure of the creative unions of Kazakhstan. If in the first post-war years, the members of creative unions predominated, and their worldview was greatly influenced by the repression of 1937-1938, in the new conditions the representatives of a new generation began to be admitted to the Unions, whose worldview was formed during the years of the “thaw” (1954-1964). The views of the new generation were characterized by a relatively sense of freedom. It was also seen in their art. The intellectual cultural movement in the Soviet Union contributed to the emergence of the movement of the “sixties.” The prominent representatives of the Kazakh “sixties” were O. Suleimenov, I. Yessenberlin, M. Magauin, A. Seidimbek, Sh. Kaldayakov, S. Mukhamedzhanov, G. Zhubanova, R. Seidalin and others. The representatives of the new wave took an active part in the cultural life of Kazakhstan, creating a new cultural atmosphere in the life of the republic. Key words: creative unions, writers, artists, unions of architects and composers, artistic creativity, improvisational poets, folklore, masters of applied art, melodist-composers.