Breeding Biology of Ibisbill (Ibidorhyncha struthersii) in the Kashmir Himalayan Region of India

IF 0.7 4区生物学 Q3 ORNITHOLOGY

Waterbirds Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI:10.1675/063.044.0310

I. U. Haq, A. Rahmani, B. Bhat, K. Ahmad, Sabeehah Rehman

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Abstract. This study aims to describe the breeding biology of Ibisbill (Ibidorhyncha struthersii), a poorly studied wader nesting on the River Sindh in Kashmir Himalayan region of India. A total of 16 nests were monitored during the breeding seasons (late February to late July) of Ibisbill in 2018 and 2019. Nest building was completed in 21-28 days on bare ground by tossing small pebbles into a shallow depression that had no special markings to the human eye (mean pebble size = 4.09 mm ± 1.26 SD x 6.23 ± 3.71 mm, n = 42). Nests measured 28.45 ± 1.75 cm × 18.91 ± 0.99 cm (n = 12). Eggs were laid in the first week of April with clutch size ranging from 2 to 4 eggs. Eggs were 50.58 ± 1.07 mm in length and 36.77 ± 0.85 mm in breadth (n = 5), with egg shape index of 72.23 ± 2.58 (range: 69.23 to 76.42). Incubation lasted 28-32 days, with 3 out of 19 observable eggs successfully hatched (15.79% hatching success). Fledging success was zero due to predation. Defensive behavior was directly observed for 16 nesting pairs during two breeding seasons. A total of 407 defensive incidents were recorded during incubation and chick stage, with both parents engaging in defense together and individually.

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印度克什米尔喜马拉雅地区Ibidorhyncha struthersii的繁殖生物学

摘要本研究旨在描述在印度克什米尔喜马拉雅地区信德河上筑巢的一种研究较少的涉水鸟Ibisbill (Ibidorhyncha struthersii)的繁殖生物学。在2018年和2019年的繁殖季节(2月下旬至7月下旬)，对16个鸟巢进行了监测。巢的建造在21-28天内完成，在裸地上，通过将小鹅卵石扔进人眼没有特殊标记的浅洼地(平均鹅卵石尺寸= 4.09 mm±1.26 SD x 6.23±3.71 mm, n = 42)。巢的尺寸为28.45±1.75 cm × 18.91±0.99 cm (n = 12)。4月第一周产蛋，窝数2 ~ 4个。卵长50.58±1.07 mm，宽36.77±0.85 mm (n = 5)，卵形指数为72.23±2.58(范围:69.23 ~ 76.42)。孵化期28 ~ 32 d，观察到的虫卵19枚，孵化成功3枚，孵化成功率15.79%。由于被捕食，雏鸟的成活率为零。在两个繁殖季节，直接观察了16对筑巢鸟的防御行为。在孵化期和雏鸟阶段共记录了407起防御事件，父母双方共同或单独进行防御。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Waterbirds 生物-鸟类学

CiteScore

1.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Waterbirds is an international scientific journal of the Waterbird Society. The journal is published four times a year (March, June, September and December) and specializes in the biology, abundance, ecology, management and conservation of all waterbird species living in marine, estuarine and freshwater habitats. Waterbirds welcomes submission of scientific articles and notes containing the results of original studies worldwide, unsolicited critical commentary and reviews of appropriate topics.