AGROCHEMICAL EVOLUTION OF THE CHERNOZEMIC SOIL IN THE SUPERFICIAL HORIZON BY DIFFERENTIATED NITROGEN FERTILIZATION

AdinaPetruta Jipa, D. Murariu
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Abstract

1 University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania 2 Suceava Genebank, Romania ABSTRACT. Soil fertility, upon which plant growth and hence crop yield and quality depend, embraces its content of plant food (nutrients), its organic matter content, its structure, its ability to supply water and its depth. Excessive use of fertilizers with nitrogen products of ion nitric accumulation in the soil (temporary) and in plants, which disturbs the balance of photosynthesis, causes the appearance of necrosis and burns on leaves, severe intoxication and even death by asphyxiation phenomena and cyanosis at ruminants, children and old people. One of the ways of soil pollution through agricultural technology is overfertilization and, in particular, the administration of high doses of nitrogen fertilizers. Excess of nitrogen fertilizers, as well as their empirical application, have negative effects on harvest quality. The main aim of this study was to determine the effect of five nitrogen levels and different type of fertilizers on the agrochemical evolution of the chernozemic soil in the superficial horizon. Field experiments were conducted at the Agricultural Research and Development Station (ARDS) Suceava, Romania, in two growing seasons (2017 and 2018) with five nitrogen levels (80 kg/ha, 120 kg/ha, 160 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha and 240 kg/ha) and two type of nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate and urea).
差别化施氮对浅层黑钙土农化演化的影响
1克卢日纳波卡农业科学与兽医大学,罗马尼亚2 Suceava基因库,罗马尼亚土壤肥力是植物生长以及作物产量和质量所依赖的,包括其植物养分含量、有机质含量、结构、供水能力和深度。过量使用土壤(暂时性)和植物体内含氮离子氮积累产物的肥料,扰乱光合作用的平衡,使反刍动物、儿童和老人出现叶片坏死和烧伤,严重中毒,甚至窒息死亡和发绀。农业技术造成土壤污染的途径之一是过度施肥,特别是施用高剂量氮肥。过量施用氮肥及其经验性施用对收获品质有负面影响。本研究的主要目的是确定5种氮素水平和不同类型肥料对浅层黑钙土农化演变的影响。在罗马尼亚Suceava农业研究与发展站(ARDS)进行了两个生长季节(2017年和2018年)的田间试验,施用5种氮肥水平(80 kg/ha、120 kg/ha、160 kg/ha、200 kg/ha和240 kg/ha)和2种氮肥(硝酸铵和尿素)。
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