Elizabeth I : her life in letters

4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities
Felix Pryor
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引用次数: 9

Abstract

Queen Elizabeth I (1533-1603) ruled England for 45 turbulent years, and her reign has come to be seen as a golden age. She exercised supreme authority in a man's world, while remaining intensely feminine. She was Gloriana, the Virgin Queen, but is also held up as a role model for company executives in the twenty-first century. She is a near-legendary figure from a remote past who remains fascinatingly modern. This handsome volume has been published to commemorate the 400th anniversary of Elizabeth I's death in 1603. It illustrates in color and, where possible, in actual size, sixty manuscripts - either by Elizabeth or to her. Each one is accompanied by a running commentary, explaining the document and placing it in its historical context, and selected transcriptions or, where necessary, translations from the originals. Elizabeth was a girl of extraordinary precocity and a brilliant linguist. Her early letters, written in a beautiful italic, are to her forbidding father, Henry VIII, and to her brother and sister, Edward VI and 'Bloody' Mary. The very first letter dates from when she was a child of eleven. The last, written nearly 60 years later, is a barely-legible scrawl addressed to her successor, the future James I. The letters from her in-tray are no less extraordinary. Tsar Ivan the Terrible rounds on her in a blind fury after she refuses to marry him. The Earl of Essex, young enough to be her son, pours out declarations of love: a few pages further on is to be found her signed warrant for his execution. There are letters from ministers and galley slaves, spies and traitors, coded letters, warrants for torture, speeches to parliament, and the original - only recently identified - of the most famous of all her utterances: 'I know I have the body but of a weak and feeble woman, but I have the heart and stomach of a king'.
伊丽莎白一世:她的书信生活
伊丽莎白一世(1533-1603)统治英国的45年动荡不安,她的统治被视为一个黄金时代。她在男人的世界里行使着至高无上的权威,同时又保持着强烈的女性气质。她是格洛丽亚娜,处女女王,但也被认为是21世纪公司高管的榜样。她是一个近乎传奇的人物,来自遥远的过去,但仍然迷人的现代。这本精美的书是为了纪念伊丽莎白一世1603年逝世400周年而出版的。它以彩色和实际尺寸展示了60份手稿——要么是伊丽莎白写的,要么是她写的。每一份都附有一份连续的评论,解释文件并将其置于其历史背景中,并选择转录或在必要时翻译原文。伊丽莎白是一个非常早熟的女孩,也是一位杰出的语言学家。她早期的信是用漂亮的斜体字写的,写给她令人生畏的父亲亨利八世,以及她的哥哥和妹妹爱德华六世和“血腥”玛丽。第一封信写于她十一岁的时候。最后一封是在近60年后写的,是写给她的继任者、未来的詹姆斯一世(James i)的潦草字迹,几乎难以辨认。在她拒绝嫁给沙皇伊凡雷帝后,沙皇勃然大怒。年轻到足以做她儿子的埃塞克斯伯爵,滔滔不绝地表达了对她的爱:再往下几页是她签署的处决他的命令。其中有来自大臣、苦役、间谍和叛徒的信件、密信、刑讯令、议会演讲,以及最近才被发现的她最著名的一段原话:“我知道我有一个软弱无力的女人的身体,但我有一颗国王的心和胃。”
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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