Assessment of nitrous oxide emission factors for arable and grassland ecosystems

IF 2.6 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
M. O’Neill, L. Gallego-Lorenzo, G. Lanigan, P. D. Forristal, Bruce Osborne
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

ABSTRACT We quantified seasonal nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and the associated emission factors (EFs) from: (i) winter oilseed rape (WOSR) cultivated under conventional tillage (CT) and strip tillage (ST) at four fertilizer rates (0, 160, 240 and 320 kg N ha−1) in 2014/2015, and (ii) grassland plots receiving no fertilizer (0 kg N ha−1), or mineral nitrogen (67 kg N ha−1), and either cattle or pig slurry (50, 100 and 200 m3 ha−1). Greater fluxes were observed at higher soil temperatures and a higher water filled pore space, suggesting that denitrification was the main source of N2O-N from the applied fertilizer/slurry. For WOSR, the N2O EFs ranged from 0.03 to 1.20% with no effect of the cultivation practice on EFs for equal rates of nitrogen fertilizer. Lower EF values were linked to differences in plant growth at individual sites rather than a specific management effect. For the grassland, the N2O EFs were highly variable, ranging from −0.70 to 0.49%, but were generally the highest in treatments receiving the highest concentrations of slurry. The EF values for WOSR illustrates that the Tier 1 approach for calculating EFs may be inadequate and the identification of site-specific effects can aid in refining N2O EF inventories. For the grassland plots all the EFs were significantly lower than the IPCC default values. Although the reason(s) for the low EFs with slurry amendments on grassland is not known, ammonia volatilization could decrease the pool of inorganic N that is available to nitrifying bacteria thereby lowering N2O fluxes. Graphical abstract
耕地和草地生态系统氧化亚氮排放因子评价
本研究量化了2014/2015年常规耕作(CT)和条带耕作(ST)四种施肥水平(0、160、240和320 kg N ha−1)下的冬季油菜(WOSR)的季节性氧化亚氮(N2O)排放及其相关排放因子(EFs),以及不施肥(0 kg N ha−1)或矿物氮(67 kg N ha−1)的草地,以及牛或猪的浆(50、100和200 m3 ha−1)。土壤温度越高,孔隙充水空间越大,氮通量越大,表明反硝化作用是施用肥料/泥浆中氮的主要来源。对WOSR而言,氮肥施用量相等时,不同耕作方式对土壤氮氧化物排放无显著影响,氮氧化物排放在0.03% ~ 1.20%之间。较低的EF值与个别地点植物生长的差异有关,而不是与特定的管理效果有关。在草地上,N2O EFs变化很大,在- 0.70 ~ 0.49%之间,但通常在泥浆浓度最高的处理中最高。WOSR的环境污染系数值表明,计算环境污染系数的第一级方法可能是不够的,确定具体地点的影响可以帮助改进一氧化二氮环境污染系数清单。草地样地的ef均显著低于IPCC默认值。虽然草地沼液改进剂产生低EFs的原因尚不清楚,但氨挥发可以减少硝化细菌可利用的无机氮库,从而降低N2O通量。图形抽象
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
13
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences (JIES) provides a stimulating, informative and critical forum for intellectual debate on significant environmental issues. It brings together perspectives from a wide range of disciplines and methodologies in both the social and natural sciences in an effort to develop integrative knowledge about the processes responsible for environmental change. The Journal is especially concerned with the relationships between science, society and policy and one of its key aims is to advance understanding of the theory and practice of sustainable development.
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