Simplified Solution for Managed Pressure Drilling - System that Drillers Can Operate

Harshad Patil, I. Knight, Svein Hovland, E. Dietrich, S. Boutalbi, Jerib Leal, Rick Gonzalez, Greg Matherne
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Abstract

Until recently many of the wells on US land that were drilled using Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) technology utilized one size fits all equipment designed for the offshore market. Since the cost and personnel requirements needed to run the offshore manifolds became a challenge due to market conditions and Covid-19 restrictions, the drillers sought a cost effective and simpler system to conduct their day-to- day operations. The challenge was to drill long laterals in Permian and Haynesville without losing the necessary MPD functionality that proved beneficial to reduce the risks associated with safety and to enhance drilling efficiency. For the MPD control system experts, the task was to correctly identify and automate MPD system’s functionality that would be of greatest use to the drillers to sustain their drilling performance. The concept of developing an easier to operate control system was undertaken wherein system accuracy and precision was maintained at the forefront of the development process. Electric motors/actuators and necessary drivers that could work directly on rig power were selected and tested. Control system logic that operates the chokes was modified to quickly adapt to the changes in drilling conditions, maintaining the necessary accuracy. This was done by studying and understanding drillers activities and behaviors like automated pump ramp down speed during connections, pipe movement during tripping etc. Specific MPD engineering charts, simple to decipher graphs, and necessary calculation tables were developed for the drillers to use for managing bottomhole pressures. Calculations which included specific schedules for spotting weighted pills were provided to maintain simplicity of the operations and something the drillers could easily execute. Today, many drillers are using this MPD solution to drill long laterals (Hovland et.al 2020). This trend is slowly leading to reduction of rig MPD personnel, especially during Covid-19, while the drillers are getting familiar with and operating MPD systems. A few of the crucial items that have allowed the drillers to run MPD on their own include MPD controls connected to drilling automation systems and the subsequent continuous revision of these controls based on understanding drillers tasks and needs. The use of electric motors enabled quick adoption to the changing drilling conditions while making connections, tripping etc. The furnished MPD calculations and graphs that drillers could follow for applying required MPD choke pressures kept MPD adaption simpler. The modifications made to the MPD choke controls geared towards facilitating necessary automation enabled the drillers to get trained in few days and operate the MPD systems while maintaining the same level of speed and performance.
控压钻井的简化解决方案——钻井人员可操作的系统
直到最近,美国陆地上许多使用控压钻井(MPD)技术的井都采用了针对海上市场设计的“一刀切”设备。由于市场条件和新冠肺炎疫情的限制,海上管汇的成本和人员需求成为一个挑战,钻井公司寻求一种成本效益高、更简单的系统来进行日常作业。面临的挑战是在不失去必要的MPD功能的情况下钻探Permian和Haynesville的长水平段,这有助于降低与安全相关的风险,提高钻井效率。对于MPD控制系统专家来说,他们的任务是正确识别MPD系统的功能,并使其自动化,以最大限度地帮助钻井人员保持钻井性能。开发一个更容易操作的控制系统的概念,其中系统的准确性和精度保持在开发过程的最前沿。选择并测试了可以直接在钻机动力下工作的电动机/执行器和必要的驱动器。控制扼流圈的控制系统逻辑进行了修改,以快速适应钻井条件的变化,保持必要的精度。这是通过研究和了解钻井人员的活动和行为来完成的,例如连接期间的自动泵降速度,起下钻期间的管柱移动等。开发了特定的MPD工程图、易于破译的图形和必要的计算表,供钻井人员用于管理井底压力。该系统提供了包括定位加重丸的具体时间表的计算,以保持操作的简单性,并使司钻易于执行。如今,许多钻井公司都在使用MPD解决方案钻长分支井(Hovland等,2020)。这一趋势正在慢慢导致钻机MPD人员的减少,特别是在新冠疫情期间,而钻井人员正在熟悉和操作MPD系统。使司钻能够自行下入MPD的几个关键项目包括连接到钻井自动化系统的MPD控制,以及随后根据司钻的任务和需求不断修改这些控制。电动机的使用可以在连接、起下钻等过程中快速适应不断变化的钻井条件。钻井人员可以根据所提供的MPD计算和图表来应用所需的MPD节流压力,从而使MPD适应更加简单。对MPD节流阀控制的改进旨在促进必要的自动化,使司钻能够在几天内完成培训,并在保持相同速度和性能水平的情况下操作MPD系统。
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