Social Resources and Risks of Industrial Revolutions 4.0 in Russia

Abstract

The article analyzes the main social prerequisites for the implementation of the new industrial revolution in Russia, as well as the social risks arising in this process. The analysis of the main approaches to the understanding of the essence and the main consequences of the industry 4.0 is given, the role of various social groups playing a leading role in the implementation of the revolutionary technological leap is revealed. In this regard, the features of social processes affecting the scientific and technical intelligentsia, the sphere of research and development, innovative entrepreneurship in modern Russia are studied. The fourth industrial revolution is seen as a stage of socio-economic progress with its inherent social problems and risks, such as the widening of the gap between the income on capital and the income of hired workers; increasing income inequality between individual groups of employed and unemployed people within countries due to changes in the structure of the labor market; a significant increase in unemployment in certain segments of the labor market due to automation and robotization of labor and the disappearance of many professions; population aging due to increased life expectancy. It was noted that in Russia there are various basic social resources for successful entry into the process of the fourth industrial revolution, and conditions have developed for a fairly rapid qualitative renewal of the Russian economy and increasing its competitiveness, but there are significant social risks associated with insufficient maturity of individual elements of the social system.