Sustainable Mobility – Editorial Introduction

R. Ackrill, Michael Zhang
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Sustainable mobility is a relatively new concept in the history of transportation. Its origin has been dated to 1992 and the publication of a European Communities Green Paper on ‘The Impact of Transport on the Environment: A Community strategy for “sustainable mobility”’ (Commission of the European Communities, 1992; see Holden et al., 2020: 2). As anthropogenic climate change has become a climate emergency (UNEP, n.d.), however, the transition to a sustainable mobility system has taken on great urgency. Transport currently generates about one-quarter of global CO2 emissions and approximately 14 percent of total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (see, inter alia, IEA, 2019; Planete Energies, 2019; WRI, 2019). More troublingly, emissions from transport continue to grow, driven in part by both population growth and economic growth. Looking specifically at the UK, with declining emissions elsewhere in the economy, transport in 2018 (the most recent year for which we have data) was the single largest emitter1. Despite the first (small) fall in emissions in 2018 since 2013, transport emissions were only 3 percent lower than in 1990. Meanwhile, for the EU28, in 2017, transport emissions (excluding international shipping) were 28 percent above 1990 levels. Aviation saw the largest increase (129 percent), but road transport still dominated transport emissions (71.7 percent), with cars contributing 44.3 percent to total transport emissions (EEA, 2019). Other data suggest that from 1990 to 2016, transport emissions rose by 144 percent in Brazil, 322 percent in India and 794 percent in China (WRI, 2019). Looking over time, road transport has also contributed 80 percent of the growth in emissions between 1970 and 2010 (WRI, 2019). Aviation and shipping contribute just over 10
可持续交通-编辑导言
在交通发展史上,可持续交通是一个相对较新的概念。它的起源可以追溯到1992年,当时出版了一份欧洲共同体绿皮书,题为“运输对环境的影响:共同体“可持续流动”战略”(欧洲共同体委员会,1992年;参见Holden等人,2020:2)。然而,由于人为气候变化已成为气候紧急情况(UNEP, n.d),向可持续交通系统的过渡已变得非常紧迫。目前,交通运输产生的二氧化碳排放量约占全球的四分之一,约占温室气体排放总量的14%(除其他外,参见IEA, 2019;行星能源,2019;WRI, 2019)。更令人不安的是,在人口增长和经济增长的推动下,交通运输的排放量继续增长。具体来看英国,随着经济中其他领域的排放量下降,2018年(我们有数据的最近一年)的交通运输是最大的单一排放者。尽管2018年的排放量自2013年以来首次(小幅)下降,但运输排放量仅比1990年低3%。与此同时,对于欧盟28国来说,2017年的运输排放量(不包括国际航运)比1990年的水平高出28%。航空的增幅最大(129%),但公路运输仍是交通运输排放的主要来源(71.7%),其中汽车占交通运输总排放量的44.3%(欧洲经济区,2019年)。其他数据显示,从1990年到2016年,巴西、印度和中国的交通排放分别增长了144%、322%和794%(世界资源研究所,2019年)。从长远来看,1970年至2010年期间,公路运输也贡献了80%的排放增长(世界资源研究所,2019年)。航空业和航运业的贡献略高于10%
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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