Cognitive-behavioral urban planning: Criteria and principles of adaptive urban environment

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the work is to identify the influence of the urban environment on psychological behavior of large groups of people with the subsequent evaluation of formation criteria and principles of the adaptive urban environment.Methodology: The analysis and systematization of Russian and foreign experience in the formation of the adaptive urban environment in architecture, urban planning, psychology, and sociology. Various types of human perception of the urban environment are studied. Based on sociological data, the percentage of people with different perception of space is determined.Research findings: In cognitive urban studies, cognitive-behavioral urban studies are determined. Various models of human perception of the urban environment are studied. Criteria for assessing the urban environment are developed, which identify adaptive and maladaptive elements of urban space. The selected criteria make it possible to predict a positive or negative impact on the development of urban spaces at the initial design stage. A thorough analysis of the territory development allows choosing the most effective of them to provide the formation of the adaptive urban environment affecting the human psyche.Practical implications: Research results can be used in theory and practice of architecture and urban planning and complement training programs for specialists. Formation criteria and principles of the adaptive urban environment can be included in the design of urban spaces at various levels. Research contributes to further actualization of the human-oriented approach in urban studies and can be integrated in the Human Ecology discipline.Originality/value: The paper proposes monitoring of adaptability of urban spaces according to the given criteria. The principles are developed to carry out a new design, reconstruction or renovation of urban areas. The environment created in this way can have a positive impact on the psychological state of a person.