Synthesis of an optical neuromorphic structure with differentiated artificial neurons for information flow distribution

Abstract

The work presents analysis of possible application of self-generating neural networks, which can independently generate a topological map of neuron connections while modelling biological neurogenesis, in multi-threaded information communication systems. A basic optical neural network cell is designed on the basis of the applied layered composition performing data processing. A map of neuron connections represents not an ordered structure providing a regular graph for exchange of information between neurons, but a set of cognitive reserve represented as an unconnected set of neuromorphic cells. Modelling of neuron death (apoptosis) and creation of dendrite-axon connections makes it possible to implement a stepwise neural network growth algorithm. Despite challenges in implementing this process, creating a growing network in an optical neural network framework solves the problem of initial forming of the neural network architecture, which greatly simplifies the learning process. Neural network cells used with the network growth algorithm resulted in neural network structures that use internal self-sustaining rhythmic activity to process information. This activity is a result of spontaneously formed closed neural circuits with common neurons among neuronal cells. Such organisation of recirculation memory leads to solutions with reference to such intra-network activity. As a result, response of the network is determined not only by stimuli, but also by the internal state of the network and its rhythmic activity. Network functioning is affected by internal rhythms, which depend on the information passing through the neuron clusters, which results in formation of a specific rhythmic memory. This can be used for tasks that require solutions to be worked out based on certain parameters, but they shall be unreproducible when the network is repeatedly stimulated by the same influences. Such tasks include ensuring information transmission security when using some set of carriers. The task of determining a number of frequencies and their frequency plan depends on external factors. To exclude possible repeating generation of the same carrier allocation, it is necessary to use networks of the configuration under consideration that can influence generation of solutions through the gathered experience.