Efficiency improvements in bioenergy conversion systems

Abstract

A discussion of the main bioenergy conversion systems is presented, including their respective efficiencies and how these are being improved. The concept of net energy analysis is also introduced as a guideline for determining system efficiencies and process selection.

Combustion remains the most efficient conversion method for dry organic matter, with anaerobic digestion and ethanolic fermentations preferred for biomass containing a high percentage of water. The efficiencies of gasification, pyrolysis and the longer term proposition of biophotolysis are also covered.

While most of the data presented accrues from industrialized, intensive systems it is envisaged that bioenergy will make its greatest impact within the nations of the Third World.