Experiencia de cápsula endoscópica en sangrado de origen obscuro y dolor abdominal crónico recurrente en Pediatría del CMN «20 de Noviembre» del ISSSTE

Abstract

Background

Capsule Endoscopy (CE) is a useful tool in diagnosis of small bowel diseases, enabling to evaluate regions that cannot be reached with other endoscopic procedures to be approach, whether surgical or medical.

Objetive

To know and describe the principal etiology in the 2 main pediatric indications for the use of endoscopic capsule in a third level hospital.

Material and methods

In this transversal, descriptive and retrospective study, we review the medical files of patients referred to endoscopy with diagnosis of OGIB and CAP. Twenty seven patients, with ages ragging from 4 to 18 years old where studied in the period from 1th January 2008 to 31 December 2014 were included.

Results

We obtained the following etiological diagnostics in diseases that produce OGIB and CAP:

Patients with OGIB

27.1% with lymphoid nodular hyperplasia, 13.3% hemangioma, 6.6% vascular dysplasia, 13.3% erosive jejunoileal inflamation, 13.3% ulcerative colitis, 6.6% telangiectasia, 6.6% polyposis, and 6.6% duodenal ulcer.

Patients with CAP

36.6% polyposis, 18.8% Crhon disease, 9.09% pseudo cecal pseudopolyp, 9.09% vascular ectasia, 9.09% pseudopolyp, 9.09% normal study, 9.09% intestinal limphangiectasia, and 9.09% jejunoileitis.

There was only one report of an adverse event in a patient with crhon disease.

Discussion

Capsule endoscopy is a diagnostic tool for small bowel disease in pediatric patients with OGIB and CAP, and it helps to determine the etiology of these diseases and helps to stablish the therapeutic approach, weather its surgical o medical.