An Empirical Study of Patent Grant Rates as a Function of Race and Gender

IF 1.3 3区社会学 Q3 BUSINESS

American Business Law Journal Pub Date : 2020-07-20 DOI:10.1111/ablj.12159

W. Michael Schuster, R. Evan Davis, Kourtenay Schley, Julie Ravenscraft

引用次数: 0

Abstract

In this article we examine the rate at which patent applications are granted as a function of the inventor's race and gender. Empirical analysis of more than 3.9 million U.S. applications finds minority and women applicants are significantly less likely to secure a patent relative to the balance of inventors. Further analysis indicates that a portion of this bias is introduced during prosecution at the Patent Office, independent of the quality of the application. Mechanisms underlying these disparities are explored. The article concludes with a discussion of our results and their interaction with patent law, innovation policy, and employment trends.

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专利授予率与种族和性别关系的实证研究

在这篇文章中，我们研究了专利申请的批准率与发明人的种族和性别的关系。对390多万份美国申请的实证分析发现，相对于发明人的平衡，少数族裔和女性申请人获得专利的可能性要小得多。进一步的分析表明，这种偏见的一部分是在专利局起诉期间引入的，与申请的质量无关。探讨了造成这些差异的机制。文章最后讨论了我们的研究结果及其与专利法、创新政策和就业趋势的相互作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

American Business Law Journal Multiple-

CiteScore

1.10

自引率

16.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： The ABLJ is a faculty-edited, double blind peer reviewed journal, continuously published since 1963. Our mission is to publish only top quality law review articles that make a scholarly contribution to all areas of law that impact business theory and practice. We search for those articles that articulate a novel research question and make a meaningful contribution directly relevant to scholars and practitioners of business law. The blind peer review process means legal scholars well-versed in the relevant specialty area have determined selected articles are original, thorough, important, and timely. Faculty editors assure the authors’ contribution to scholarship is evident. We aim to elevate legal scholarship and inform responsible business decisions.