Enhanced Tribological Properties of CrN Coatings on Densified Surfaces of Fe-Based Porous Materials Obtained Through Powder Metallurgy and Ultrasonic Shot Peening Treatment

IF 0.9 4区材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI:10.1007/s11106-023-00371-8

Wuming Guo, Yebiao Zhu, Haixin Wang, Jiafeng Wang, Zhidong Chen, Fei Song

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Abstract

Powder metallurgy (PM) Fe (steel) products still suffer from abrasion and fatigue, thus reducing their life expectancy. The physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique can significantly enhance surface wear and fatigue resistance. On the other hand, ultrasonic shot peening (USSP) treatment is an emerging and effective technique that can enhance surface strength and improve surface density, particularly for PM products. Duplexed PM Fe (steel) samples are expected to have excellent mechanical properties and long service life. In this work, PM Fe (steel)-based samples (ρ = 6.9) were prepared as substrates for CrN coatings with and without USSP treatment. Holes sized about 35 μm can be observed on CrN coatings deposited on as-sintered substrates, while the CrN coatings on USSP-treated substrates were very compact. According to the results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the crystal structures and chemical bonds of CrN coatings on different substrates are the same. Nevertheless, CrN coatings were found to be discontinued on sintered substrates because of holes in the surface. In friction tests, such specific structures created plenty of “steps” in the coating, increasing residual stress, which crushed the coatings into fragments and led to severe abrasive wear. Additionally, wear rates would increase with load. Nevertheless, USSP treatment can generate a compact layer, about 700 μm thick, to offer strong support to CrN coatings. Therefore, CrN coatings on the USSP-treated substrates exhibited lower and more stable coefficients of friction and wear rates. This generally describes a simple method to enhance the surface strength and densities of PM Fe (steel) products. Besides, it offers a new way of prolonging the service lives of PM Fe (steel) products by USSP and PVD duplex treatment.

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粉末冶金和超声喷丸强化铁基多孔材料致密表面CrN涂层的摩擦学性能

粉末冶金（PM）Fe（钢）产品仍然存在磨损和疲劳，从而降低了其预期寿命。物理气相沉积（PVD）技术可以显著提高表面耐磨性和抗疲劳性。另一方面，超声波喷丸（USSP）处理是一种新兴的有效技术，可以提高表面强度和提高表面密度，尤其是对PM产品。双相PM Fe（钢）样品有望具有优异的机械性能和较长的使用寿命。在这项工作中，制备了PM Fe（钢）基样品（ρ=6.9）作为CrN涂层的基底，无论是否进行USSP处理。在烧结基底上沉积的CrN涂层上可以观察到尺寸约为35μm的孔，而USSP处理基底上的CrN镀层非常致密。根据扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、X光电子能谱（XPS）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）的结果，不同基体上CrN涂层的晶体结构和化学键是相同的。然而，由于表面有孔，烧结基底上的CrN涂层被发现是不连续的。在摩擦测试中，这种特定的结构在涂层中产生了大量的“台阶”，增加了残余应力，将涂层压碎成碎片，并导致严重的磨损。此外，磨损率会随着负载的增加而增加。然而，USSP处理可以产生约700μm厚的致密层，为CrN涂层提供强大的支撑。因此，经USSP处理的基体上的CrN涂层表现出更低、更稳定的摩擦系数和磨损率。这通常描述了一种提高PM Fe（钢）产品表面强度和密度的简单方法。此外，通过USSP和PVD双重处理，为延长永磁铁（钢）制品的使用寿命提供了一条新途径。

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来源期刊

Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics 工程技术-材料科学：硅酸盐

CiteScore

1.90

自引率

20.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics covers topics of the theory, manufacturing technology, and properties of powder; technology of forming processes; the technology of sintering, heat treatment, and thermo-chemical treatment; properties of sintered materials; and testing methods.