Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Cast Monocarbides and Multicomponent High-Entropy Carbides

IF 0.9 4区材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI:10.1007/s11106-023-00369-2

V. F. Horban, M. O. Krapivka, S. O. Firstov, O. M. Myslyvchenko, I. M. Zakiev, A. O. Samelyuk

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Abstract

The mechanical and tribological properties of cast monocarbides and multicomponent high-entropy carbides produced by vacuum arc melting using starting monocarbide powders were examined. The cast monocarbides demonstrated a hardness of 20–30 GPa and an elastic modulus of 400–600 GPa. Among the studied monocarbides, ZrC showed the highest hardness (29–32 GPa), while MoC exhibited the lowest hardness (16–18 GPa). The friction coefficient for monocarbides was determined by pin-on-disk testing with diamond in dry friction conditions and in the presence of water. The friction coefficient was found to increase for WC and TiC carbides and decrease for MoC in the presence of water. Based on the studies of monocarbides, cast single-phase multicomponent high-entropy carbides with a NaCl-type cubic lattice and a homogeneous microstructure without any phase separation by chemical composition were developed and produced. The hardness of the cast multicomponent high-entropy carbides was determined, and their normalized hardness was calculated. The high-entropy carbides exhibited higher hardness (33–40 GPa) and normalized hardness (0.072–0.105) but a slightly lower elastic modulus than the monocarbides. The elastic modulus and lattice parameter were theoretically calculated, and the relationship between the size mismatch and hardness of the cast multicomponent high-entropy carbides was shown. The friction coefficient of the multicomponent high-entropy carbides determined by tribological tests was lower than that of the monocarbides both in dry friction conditions and in the presence of water. The friction coefficient was not either found to be dependent on hardness or elastic modulus.

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铸造硬质合金和多组分高熵硬质合金的力学和摩擦学性能

研究了用起始单碳化物粉末真空电弧熔炼制备的铸造单碳化物和多组分高熵碳化物的力学和摩擦学性能。铸造单碳化物的硬度为20–30 GPa，弹性模量为400–600 GPa。在所研究的单碳化物中，ZrC的硬度最高（29–32 GPa），而MoC的硬度最低（16–18 GPa）。在干摩擦条件下和有水存在的情况下，通过金刚石的销盘试验确定了单碳化物的摩擦系数。在水存在下，WC和TiC碳化物的摩擦系数增加，MoC的摩擦系数降低。在对一元碳化物研究的基础上，开发并生产了具有NaCl型立方晶格、微观结构均匀、无任何化学成分相分离的铸造单相多组分高熵碳化物。测定了铸造多组分高熵碳化物的硬度，并计算了它们的归一化硬度。高熵碳化物表现出更高的硬度（33–40 GPa）和归一化硬度（0.072–0.105），但弹性模量略低于单碳化物。从理论上计算了多元高熵硬质合金的弹性模量和晶格参数，揭示了铸态多元高熵碳化物的尺寸失配与硬度之间的关系。通过摩擦学试验测定的多组分高熵碳化物在干摩擦条件下和在水存在下的摩擦系数均低于单碳化物。摩擦系数既不取决于硬度也不取决于弹性模量。

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来源期刊

Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics 工程技术-材料科学：硅酸盐

CiteScore

1.90

自引率

20.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics covers topics of the theory, manufacturing technology, and properties of powder; technology of forming processes; the technology of sintering, heat treatment, and thermo-chemical treatment; properties of sintered materials; and testing methods.