Unified thermomechanical model of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy considering microstructure evolution and damage fracture under different stress state

IF 2.6 3区材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI:10.1007/s12289-023-01799-4

Rui Feng, Minghe Chen, Lansheng Xie

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Abstract

Establishing a unified constitutive model to simulate the hot deformation behaviors, microstructure evolution and fracture behaviors under different stress states during the hot forming of titanium alloy is indispensable. The high temperature tensile tests were first carried out on different stress states of forged Ti-6Al-4 V alloy specimens to analyze the flow behaviors, microstructure evolution and fracture mechanism. The results show that the effect of temperature on fracture elongation is more significant than strain rate. High temperature and low strain rate will increase the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) volume fraction and softening effect, which inhibits the nucleation and growth of voids, thereby enhancing the plastic deformation ability of the alloy. The DRX volume fraction, grain size and stress triaxiality were introduced into the unified Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN) damage model using the internal state variables. The parameters of GTN model were modified by the Response Surface Method (RSM) and compared with the high temperature tension. Finally, the established GTN damage model was successfully applied to finite element (FE) simulation under different stress states. The correlation coefficient R of predicted stress is 0.989, and the maximum errors of DRX volume fraction and grain size are 9.86% and 6.54%. The research results can provide a basis for the performance control in hot working of titanium alloy.

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考虑不同应力状态下组织演变和损伤断裂的Ti-6Al-4V钛合金统一热机械模型

建立统一的本构模型来模拟钛合金热成形过程中不同应力状态下的热变形行为、组织演变和断裂行为是必不可少的。首先对锻造的Ti-6Al-4V合金试样的不同应力状态进行了高温拉伸试验，分析了试样的流动行为、组织演变和断裂机理。结果表明，温度对断裂伸长率的影响大于应变速率。高温和低应变速率会增加动态再结晶（DRX）的体积分数和软化效应，抑制空洞的形核和生长，从而增强合金的塑性变形能力。使用内部状态变量将DRX体积分数、晶粒尺寸和应力三轴度引入统一的Gurson-Tvergaard-Nedleman（GTN）损伤模型中。采用响应面法对GTN模型的参数进行了修正，并与高温张力进行了比较。最后，将建立的GTN损伤模型成功应用于不同应力状态下的有限元模拟。预测应力的相关系数R为0.989，DRX体积分数和晶粒尺寸的最大误差分别为9.86%和6.54%。研究结果可为钛合金热加工性能控制提供依据。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Material Forming ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

4.20%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal publishes and disseminates original research in the field of material forming. The research should constitute major achievements in the understanding, modeling or simulation of material forming processes. In this respect ‘forming’ implies a deliberate deformation of material. The journal establishes a platform of communication between engineers and scientists, covering all forming processes, including sheet forming, bulk forming, powder forming, forming in near-melt conditions (injection moulding, thixoforming, film blowing etc.), micro-forming, hydro-forming, thermo-forming, incremental forming etc. Other manufacturing technologies like machining and cutting can be included if the focus of the work is on plastic deformations. All materials (metals, ceramics, polymers, composites, glass, wood, fibre reinforced materials, materials in food processing, biomaterials, nano-materials, shape memory alloys etc.) and approaches (micro-macro modelling, thermo-mechanical modelling, numerical simulation including new and advanced numerical strategies, experimental analysis, inverse analysis, model identification, optimization, design and control of forming tools and machines, wear and friction, mechanical behavior and formability of materials etc.) are concerned.