Anionic polymer-coated magnetic nanocomposites for immobilization with palladium nanoparticles as catalysts for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol

IF 4.703 3区材料科学

Nanoscale Research Letters Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI:10.1186/s11671-023-03918-1

Usana Mahanitipong, Jakkrit Tummachote, Wachirawit Thoopbucha, Wasawat Inthanusorn, Metha Rutnakornpituk

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Abstract

This study focuses on the synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles (MNP) coated with poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) (PPEGMA) and/or poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) to anchor palladium nanoparticles (Pd) for their application as recyclable catalysts in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4NP). It was hypothesized that the abundance of oxygen atoms in PPEGMA enabled coordination with the Pd and provided good water dispersibility of the nanocomposites, while anionic PAA stabilized Pd and reduced the catalyst aggregation through electrostatic repulsion. Three different polymer coatings on MNP (PAA, PPEGMA, and PAA-co-PPEGMA polymers) were investigated to assess their influence on both the catalytic activity and reusability of the catalysts. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis indicated the distribution of spherical Pd nanoparticles (3–5 nm in diameter) and MNP (9–12 nm in diameter). Photocorrelation spectroscopy (PCS) revealed an average hydrodynamic size of the catalysts ranging from 540 to 875 nm in diameter, with a negative charge on their surface. The Pd content of the catalysts ranged from 4.30 to 6.33% w/w. The nanocomposites coated with PAA-co-PPEGMA polymers exhibited more favorable catalytic activity in the 4NP reduction than those coated with PAA or PPEGMA homopolymers. Interestingly, those containing PAA (e.g., PAA and PAA-co-PPEGMA polymers) exhibited good reusability for the 4NP reduction with a slight decrease in their catalytic performance after 26 cycles. This indicates the important role of carboxyl groups in PAA in maintaining high tolerance after multiple uses.

Graphical abstract

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阴离子聚合物包覆的磁性纳米复合材料与钯纳米粒子固定化，作为还原4-硝基苯酚的催化剂。

本研究的重点是合成涂有聚（甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯）（PPEGMA）和/或聚（丙烯酸）（PAA）的磁铁矿纳米颗粒（MNP），以锚定钯纳米颗粒（Pd），作为可回收催化剂用于还原4-硝基苯酚（4NP）。据推测，PPEGMA中丰富的氧原子能够与Pd配位，并提供了纳米复合材料良好的水分散性，而阴离子PAA稳定了Pd，并通过静电排斥减少了催化剂的聚集。研究了MNP上的三种不同聚合物涂层（PAA、PPEGMA和PAA-co-PPEGMA聚合物），以评估它们对催化剂的催化活性和可重复使用性的影响。透射电子显微镜（TEM）分析表明球形Pd纳米颗粒（直径3-5nm）和MNP（直径9-12nm）的分布。光相关光谱（PCS）揭示了催化剂的平均流体动力学尺寸在540至875nm的直径范围内，在其表面上具有负电荷。催化剂的Pd含量范围为4.30至6.33%w/w。用PAA-co-PPEGMA聚合物涂覆的纳米复合材料在4NP还原中表现出比用PAA或PPEGMA均聚物涂覆的纳米材料更有利的催化活性。有趣的是，含有PAA的那些（例如，PAA和PAA-co-PPEGMA聚合物）在4NP还原中表现出良好的可重复使用性，在26次循环后其催化性能略有下降。这表明PAA中羧基在多次使用后保持高耐受性方面的重要作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nanoscale Research Letters NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

CiteScore

15.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

110

审稿时长

2.5 months

期刊介绍： Nanoscale Research Letters (NRL) provides an interdisciplinary forum for communication of scientific and technological advances in the creation and use of objects at the nanometer scale. NRL is the first nanotechnology journal from a major publisher to be published with Open Access.