Study of Biomarkers in Cancer Patients Treated with Radiotherapy: A Case-control Study

K. P. Patel, Mayur Goradhanbhai Makadia, D. Chaudhari
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Abstract

Introduction: Blood based biomarkers can be useful as prognostic markers because these biomarkers can reflect variations in the tumour microenvironment and the immune system of the host. This study investigates some biomarkers in cancer patients experienced with radiotherapy to evaluate the effect of radiotherapy on the body. Aim: To assess radiotherapy induced changes in the biomarkers like serum total protein, albumin, creatinine and urea in cancer patients and compare to the healthy controls. Materials and Methods: This was a case-control study, conducted in the Biochemistry Department, Baroda Medical College, Gujarat, India, from October 2017 to August 2018. This study enrolled 537 patients, who underwent radiation therapy irrespective of any cancer and 537 healthy controls without any history of cancer or radiation therapy. Serum total protein, albumin, creatinine, and urea were measured. Statistical analysis was performed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Frequency, Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r). Results: In each of the groups, out of 537 subjects 185 subjects were females, 61.30±9.03 years was the mean age for females, and 352 subjects were males with a mean age of 61.02±8.93 years. Albumin had negative statistically significant correlation with all parameters. But total protein which was also composed of other acute phase positive reactants had higher values compared to control group which was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: It was found that patients with cancer, undergoing radiotherapy, suffered from radiation induced changes such as acute phase response, host defense mechanism etc., causing changes in the body which is reflected by biomarkers.
肿瘤放疗患者的生物标志物研究:一项病例对照研究
基于血液的生物标志物可以作为有用的预后标志物,因为这些生物标志物可以反映肿瘤微环境和宿主免疫系统的变化。本研究探讨了放疗后肿瘤患者的一些生物标志物,以评估放疗对机体的影响。目的:探讨放疗对肿瘤患者血清总蛋白、白蛋白、肌酐、尿素等生物标志物的影响,并与健康对照进行比较。材料与方法:本研究为病例对照研究,于2017年10月至2018年8月在印度古吉拉特邦巴罗达医学院生物化学系进行。这项研究招募了537名患者,他们接受了放射治疗,无论是否患有癌症,以及537名没有任何癌症或放射治疗史的健康对照。测定血清总蛋白、白蛋白、肌酐和尿素。采用描述性统计、独立t检验、频率、Pearson相关系数(r)进行统计学分析。结果:每组537例受试者中,女性185例,女性平均年龄61.30±9.03岁,男性352例,平均年龄61.02±8.93岁。白蛋白与各参数呈显著负相关。而由其他急性期阳性反应物组成的总蛋白值高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(p<0.001)。结论:我们发现癌症患者在接受放射治疗后,会发生放射引起的急性期反应、宿主防御机制等变化,引起机体的变化,这些变化通过生物标志物反映出来。
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