Prevalence of Anaemia and Thrombocytopenia in Pregnant Females in Amreli District, Gujarat

Abstract

Introduction: Anaemia in pregnancy is a major public health problem in India. It leads to high maternal morbidity and mortality, low birth weight and high infant mortality. Thrombocytopenia can also affect the pregnancy state and along with preeclampsia, there is a high risk of complications to both mother and baby. So, it should be aimed to keep in normal range. With early intervention, maternal morbidity and mortality as well as infant mortality can be reduced. Aim: To assess the prevalence of anaemia and thrombocytopenia in pregnant females. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of anaemia and thrombocytopenia in pregnant females. Blood samples of 500 pregnant females of Shantabaa Medical College and General Hospital, Gujarat, India were evaluated to assess the frequency of anaemia and thrombocytopenia using haematology analyser. It was hospital-based study done for six months, from August 2020 to January 2021. All these females were divided into mild (10-10.9 gm/dL), moderate (7-9.9 gm/dL) and severe degree (below 7 gm/dL) anaemia according to haemoglobin values. For thrombocytopenia, all females were divided into mild (100-150×109 /L), moderate (50-100×109 /L) and severe (below 50×109 /L) category according to platelet level. Results: Total 500 pregnant females were included in this study. Out of these, total 351 (70.2%) females were anaemic and 26 females (5.2%) were thrombocytopenic. Most of the anaemic pregnant females were from 26 to 32 years age group (47%) followed by 18 to 25 year age group (34%) and 33 to 40 year age group (19%). Conclusion: It is important to diagnose the effects of anaemia and thrombocytopenia in pregnant females and their offsprings. Anaemia in pregnancy is a challenging health problem in India, particularly in rural area. Early correction of anaemia and thrombocytopenia can reduce maternal morbidity and mortality