Increased Severity due to Aflatoxin in Viral Cause of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Control Study

Nudrat Zeba, Mahvish Jabeen, Ali Raza, Muhammad Siddique Rajput, Sadia Tabassum, Razia Asif, A. Ghanghro, Arslan Ahmer
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Abstract

: The objective of our study was to assess the presence of aflatoxin in Hepatocellular Carcinoma patients and their severity. This case control study was conducted in the Asian Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS) Hyderabad and Nuclear Institute of Medicine and Radiotherapy (NIMRA) Jamshoro for the period of 02 years from March 2018 to February 2020. The calculated sample size was 218 subjects, 109 patients were diagnosed with cases of HCC (76 male and 33 female), and 109 were included as control. Control was selected from the relatives of the patients who were Viral Hepatitis-Negative. Non-probability convenience sampling was used. Majority of the cases and controls were for 40 to 49 years of age. Serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) was significantly high in 80 (73.4%) cases who were culture positive with (p=0.013). There is no association between the AG ratio and mycological culture media-positive cases. A strong correlation is observed between Viral Hepatitis infection and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Pakistan. The toxin produced by fungi has worse outcomes in patients with liver compromise especially hepatocellular carcinoma. The poor prognosis was observed in HCC and Liver Cirrhosis patients, especially in low-income countries where health services are poor. Therefore, preventive strategies need to be applied to control these toxins. Proper handling and cooking of common food and good hygiene, especially for high-risk patients, can help prevent and controlling the spread of these toxins.
病毒性肝癌中黄曲霉毒素加重严重程度:一项病例对照研究
我们研究的目的是评估黄曲霉毒素在肝细胞癌患者中的存在及其严重程度。该病例对照研究于2018年3月至2020年2月在海得拉巴亚洲医学科学研究所(AIMS)和贾姆肖罗核医学和放射治疗研究所(NIMRA)进行,为期02年。计算样本量为218例,其中确诊HCC患者109例(男性76例,女性33例),对照组109例。对照组选自病毒性肝炎阴性患者的亲属。采用非概率方便抽样。大多数病例和对照组年龄在40至49岁之间。血清α-胎蛋白(AFP)在80例(73.4%)培养阳性患者中显著升高(p=0.013)。AG比率与真菌学培养基阳性病例之间没有关联。在巴基斯坦,病毒性肝炎感染与肝细胞癌(HCC)的发展之间存在很强的相关性。真菌产生的毒素对肝脏损害特别是肝细胞癌患者的预后更差。HCC和肝硬化患者的预后较差,特别是在卫生服务较差的低收入国家。因此,需要采取预防战略来控制这些毒素。妥善处理和烹调普通食物,并保持良好的卫生习惯,特别是高危病人,可帮助预防和控制这些毒素的传播。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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