Mitigating avian collisions with power lines through illumination with ultraviolet light

IF 1.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
David M. Baasch, Amanda M. Hegg, J. F. Dwyer, Andrew J. Caven, William E. Taddicken, C. Worley, Amanda H. Medaries, Cody G. Wagner, Phoebe G. Dunbar, Nicole D. Mittman
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

. Collisions with anthropogenic structures by long-distance migrants and threatened and endangered species are a growing global conservation concern. Increasing the visibility of these structures may reduce collisions but may only be accepted by local residents if it does not create a visual disturbance. Recent research has shown the potential for ultraviolet (UV) light, which is nearly imperceptible to humans, to mitigate avian collisions with anthropogenic structures. We tested the effectiveness of two UV (390–400 nm) Avian Collision Avoidance Systems (ACASs) at reducing collisions at two 260-m spans of marked power lines at the Iain Nicolson Audubon Center at Rowe Sanctuary, an important migratory bird stopover location in Nebraska. We used a randomized design and a tiered model selection approach employing generalized linear models and the Akaike Information Criterion to assess the effectiveness of ACASs considering environmental (e.g., precipitation) and detection probability (e.g., migration chronology) variables. We found focal (assessed power line) and distal (neighboring power line) ACAS status and environmental variables were important predictors of avian collisions. Our top model suggests that the focal ACAS illumination reduced collisions by 88%, collisions were more likely at moderate (10–16 km/h) compared to lower or higher wind speeds, and collision frequency decreased with precipitation occurrence. Our top model also indicates that the distal ACAS illumination reduced collisions by 39.4% at the focal power line when that ACAS was off, suggesting a positive “neighbor effect” of power line illumination. Although future applications of ACASs would benefit from additional study to check for potential negative effects (for example, collisions involving nocturnal foragers such as bats or caprimulgiform birds drawn to insects), we suggest that illuminating power lines, guy wires, towers, wind turbines, and other anthropogenic structures with UV illumination will likely lower collision risks for birds while increasing human acceptance of mitigation measures in urban areas. approche de sélection de modèle à plusieurs niveaux employant des modèles linéaires généralisés et le critère d'information Akaike pour évaluer l’efficacité des ACAS en tenant compte des variables environnementales (par ex. précipitations) et de probabilité de détection (par ex. chronologie des migrations). Nous avons constaté que les variables de statut ACAS et d’environnement focales (ligne électrique évaluée) et distales (ligne électrique voisine) permettaient de prédire assez précisément les collisions aviaires. Notre principal modèle suggère que l’illumination ACAS focale réduit les collisions de 88 %, que les collisions se font plus probablement à une vitesse de vent modérée (10 à 16 km/h) plutôt qu’à des vitesses de vent plus faibles ou plus fortes, et que la fréquence des collisions diminue en cas de précipitations. Notre principal modèle indique que l’illumination ACAS distale réduisait les collisions de 39,4 % sur la ligne d’électricité focale lorsque l’ACAS était éteint, ce qui suggère un « effet de voisinage » positif de l’illumination des lignes électriques. Les applications futures de systèmes ACAS bénéficieraient d’études plus poussées pour vérifier les effets négatifs potentiels (par exemple, collisions impliquant des prédateurs nocturnes comme les chauves-souris ou les oiseaux caprimulgiformes attirés par les insectes). Nous pensons cependant que l’illumination aux ultraviolets des lignes électriques, des haubans, des tours, des turbines éoliennes et autres structures anthropiques serait susceptibles d’atténuer les risques de collision pour les oiseaux tout en améliorant l’acceptation humaine des mesures d’atténuation en zone urbaine.
通过紫外线照明减少鸟类与电线的碰撞
。长途迁徙者和受威胁和濒危物种与人为结构的碰撞日益成为全球保护问题。增加这些建筑物的能见度可能会减少碰撞,但只有在不造成视觉干扰的情况下,当地居民才会接受。最近的研究表明,人类几乎察觉不到的紫外线(UV)光有可能减轻鸟类与人为结构的碰撞。在内布拉斯加州罗保护区的Iain Nicolson Audubon中心,我们测试了两种紫外线(390-400 nm)鸟类避撞系统(ACASs)在两根260米跨度的标记电力线上减少碰撞的有效性。罗保护区是内布拉斯加州重要的候鸟中途停留地。我们采用随机设计和分层模型选择方法,采用广义线性模型和Akaike信息标准来评估ACASs的有效性,考虑环境(如降水)和检测概率(如迁移年代学)变量。我们发现焦点(评估电力线)和远端(邻近电力线)ACAS状态和环境变量是鸟类碰撞的重要预测因子。我们的顶级模型表明,焦点ACAS照明减少了88%的碰撞,与低风速或高风速相比,中等风速(10-16 km/h)更容易发生碰撞,碰撞频率随着降水的发生而降低。我们的顶级模型还表明,当远端ACAS照明关闭时,焦点电力线处的碰撞减少了39.4%,表明电力线照明存在积极的“邻居效应”。虽然ACASs的未来应用将受益于更多的研究,以检查潜在的负面影响(例如,涉及夜间觅食者的碰撞,如蝙蝠或被昆虫吸引的刺状鸟),但我们建议,用紫外线照明电力线、电线、塔、风力涡轮机和其他人为结构,可能会降低鸟类的碰撞风险,同时提高人类对城市地区缓解措施的接受度。3 .方法3 .从modicleclecn到modiclecn,从modicleclecn到modiclecn,从modicleclecn到modicleclecn,从modicleclecn到modicleclecn,从modicleclecn到modicleclecn,从modicleclecn到modicleclecn,从modicleclecn到modicleclecn,从modicleclecn到modicleclecn,从modicleclecn到modicleclecn,从modicleclecn到modicleclecn,从modicleclecn到modicleclecn,从modicleclecn到modicleclecn。Nous avons constatest que les variables de statut ACAS和d '环境focales (lee - samue - samue)和distales (lee - samue - voisine)渗透(lee - samue - samue)。主要模型建议:ACAS focale rsamade -碰撞率为88%,cas focale rsamade -碰撞率为8%,cas focale rsamade -碰撞率为8%,cas focale rsamade -碰撞率为10% (10 16公里/小时)plutôt quente -碰撞率为10% (10 16公里/小时)-碰撞率为10% (10 16公里/小时)-碰撞率为10% (10 16公里/小时)-碰撞率为10% (10 16公里/小时)-碰撞率为10% (10 16公里/小时)-碰撞率为10% (10 16公里/小时)-碰撞率为10% (10 16公里/小时)-碰撞率为10% (10 16公里/小时)我们的主要模型是:独立的、独立的、独立的、独立的、独立的、独立的、独立的、独立的、独立的、独立的、独立的、独立的。系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用系统的未来应用目前的情况是,人们对紫外线的照射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射,对人体的辐射。
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来源期刊
Avian Conservation and Ecology
Avian Conservation and Ecology BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION-ORNITHOLOGY
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
7.10%
发文量
43
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Avian Conservation and Ecology is an open-access, fully electronic scientific journal, sponsored by the Society of Canadian Ornithologists and Birds Canada. We publish papers that are scientifically rigorous and relevant to the bird conservation community in a cost-effective electronic approach that makes them freely available to scientists and the public in real-time. ACE is a fully indexed ISSN journal that welcomes contributions from scientists all over the world. While the name of the journal implies a publication niche of conservation AND ecology, we think the theme of conservation THROUGH ecology provides a better sense of our purpose. As such, we are particularly interested in contributions that use a scientifically sound and rigorous approach to the achievement of avian conservation as revealed through insights into ecological principles and processes. Papers are expected to fall along a continuum of pure conservation and management at one end to more pure ecology at the other but our emphasis will be on those contributions with direct relevance to conservation objectives.
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