Larvicidal, Pupicidal and Smoke Toxic Activity of Alangium salvifolium Leaf Extracts against Culex vishnui Group Mosquitoes

Abstract

Different vector mosquito species and the diseases spread by them are well studied. Several methodologies have been developed to control those vectors as means to get rid of those diseases with least hazardous effect on environment. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the potentiality of leaf extract of the plant Alangium salvifolium as larvicide, pupicide as well as smoke toxic agent against Culex vishnui group mosquitoes. Various concentrations of crude and Chloroform: Methanol (v/v 1:1) extracts of leaves of A. salvifolium were prepared and applied against each of four successive instars larvae and pupae. In another study the smoke toxicity effect was studied after preparation of the mosquito coils from air dried leaf of the plant. First instar larvae showed 100% mortality at 0.5 mL crude concentration in 24 h. followed by second instar larvae (86.67%) and lastly fourth instars larvae (56.67%). 13.33% death rate was observed for the pupae with same concentration of crude extract. The LC 50 and LC 90 values of the solvent extract were 48.89 and 71.78 ppm respectively. The plant based mosquito coil exhibited 32% mortality against adult mosquitoes within 3 hr. No negative impact was observed on non-target organisms.