Critical Analysis of Biomechanical and Biological basis of Management of the Varus Knee

Abstract

Stability of the knee depends on the alignment of the long bones, the structure of the articular cartilage or the soft tissue structures surrounding the knee mainly the ligaments and the capsule. Varus deformity of the knee increases the load on the medial compartment causing progressive degenerative changes leading to medial compartmental osteoarthritis. Julies Wolff in the early 19th century defined Wolff's Law which states that bone in a healthy organism will adapt to the loads under which it is placed. This means that biological responses can be mathematically determined in relation to mechanical forces in remodelling.