Diabetes Mellitus as a Risk Factor for Different Types of Cancers: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrine condition that affects people all over the world. Numerous clinical research has looked into the relationship between diabetes and cancer and how it may be caused. This review investigates the recently published literature regarding the risk of the development of cancer in patients with DM. PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, EBSCO, and Cochrane library were searched. Study articles were screened by title and abstract using Rayyan QCRI then a full-text assessment was implemented. Fifteen studies were included, with 1,080,106 diabetic patients who developed different types of cancers. Most of our included studies reported that DM increases the risk of cancer development; however, it is reported that DM was related to a lower risk of prostate cancer. This review revealed a potential link between cancer and diabetes. However, most of the studies' findings are ambiguous and contradictory, necessitating further investigation to establish the relationship between diabetes and cancer.