Retrospective Evaluation of Patients with Spontaneous Intracerebral Hematomas

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the relationship among the modified Rankin scores of patients who had intracerebral hematomas at discharge, demographic characteristics of the patients, and the characteristics of the hematoma.

Material and methods: In this study, patients diagnosed with intracerebral hematoma and treated at the Ministry of Health Ankara Training and Research Hospital Neurosurgery Clinic between January 2010 and December 2020 were examined retrospectively. The age, gender, comorbidity, anticoagulant?antiaggregant use, and Glasgow Coma Scale score of the patients were obtained from hospital records. The modified Rankin scale (mRS) was used to assess patients at discharge.

Results: Herein, a total of 114 patients with supratentorial intracerebral hematoma were evaluated. The modified Rankin score ranged from 0 to 6, with a mean score of 3.47 ± 2.26. When the patients were evaluated based on their discharge status, the mortality rate was 33.3% (n=38). Fifty percent of the patients who used anticoagulant?antiaggregant died. High mRS scores were seen more frequently in advanced age. Among the other diseases of the patients, hypertension and the use of anticoagulant? antiaggregant were found to be statistically significant with high mRS scores (p < 0.001). Patients with low Glasgow Coma Scale score at the time of admission had significantly higher mRS scores (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Patients with advanced age, hypertension, and anticoagulant?antiaggregant use had a higher mRS score after hematoma formation. Preventable risk factors for spontaneous intraparenchymal hematomas are among the leading causes of disability, and early detection and treatment of underlying diseases are critical for hematoma prevention. Awareness about risk factors should be the priority to improve early diagnosis and reduce treatment disability rates.