Proteção Social no Brasil: da seguridade social à transferência condicionada de renda

Abstract

This text deals about the peculiarities of the constitution of the system with social protection in Brazil by analyzing the socio-historical particularity that permeates this territory, which has a temporal gap of one century in relation to European countries in the recognition of the social question. The cut used involves the period from 1930 to 2015, with emphasis on the democratic and constitutional state embodied in the Federal Constitution of 1988, as well as the neoliberal counterreformation started in the 1990s. Specifically, analyzes will be developed regarding the Bolsa Familia Program, aiming to explain the selectivist and fragmented tendency of social policies. In the end, it is concluded that the restrictive reforms of social protection – represented by the preponderance of conditional cash transfer programs – constitute a response of capital to its "crisis", which contributes to the reproduction of this mode of production, as well as to increase levels of social inequality.