A Política Nacional de Saúde Mental: uma reflexão acerca dos retrocessos nos governos Temer e Bolsonaro

Abstract

Historically, a series of changes have occurred in the patterns of mental health care in Brazil, through the Psychiatric Reform (PR) and the Health Reform (HR), representing significant achievements for civil society. However, despite the advances, the commodification of social policies has prevailed in our context, given the neoliberal offensive that has been with us since the 1990s. In this sense, this article aims to discuss the main trends of the Brazilian Mental Health Policy (MHP), making a re-cut of the frequent risks of setbacks undertaken by the Temer and Bolsonaro governments. For that, the method of analysis of reality that seemed pertinent to us was the critical-dialectical. We carried out a bibliographic review of the main categories of the study - Counter-reform and Psychiatric Reform and a documentary research of the main laws of MHP, with a qualitative approach. Our discussion points out, therefore, that the MHP has developed in the Brazilian reality, articulating advancement and conservatism, especially from the proposals of such governments, under the order of an orthodox neoliberalism, when the restoration of an organization of restorative forces in mental health against PR occurs.