{"title":"Die antropometriese sprongitem-prestasiedeterminante van jong dogtergimnaste","authors":"Annelize Bester, B. Coetzee","doi":"10.4314/SAJRS.V32I1.54087","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The purposes of this study were firstly, to determine the anthropometric variables that differ significantly (p \u0001 0.05) between successful and less successful young, South-African female gymnasts who participate in the floor item and secondly, to determine the anthropometric variables that contribute to the floor item performance of those gymnasts. Twelve young, female gymnasts (13.39 ± 2.14 years) from a gymnastics club in the North-West Province of South Africa participated in the study. Only gymnasts who participated at level 6-9 and junior as well as senior Olympic level were selected to participate in the study. Sixty-one anthropometric variables were measured on the dominant side of the body according to the methods of Norton et al. (1996). Independent t-tests revealed that the gymnast who obtained the highest marks (top 5) during the execution of the floor item during the South African Gymnastics Championships had statistical and practical significantly larger relaxed and flexed upper arm, wrist and ankle circumferences as well as mesomorphy values than the less successful gymnasts. The cluster analysis-reduced variables were used to perform a forward, stepwise multiple regression analysis which showed that bi-trochanterion (34.86%), femur (17.07%) and bi-deltoid breadth (4.93%); front thigh skinfold (19.71%); fat percentage (7.68%); acromialradial (4.09%) and foot length (0.05%) as well as waist (6.68%), chest (2.92%) and gluteal thigh circumference (2.02%) contributed 100% to the variance in gymnasts’ floor performances. The contributions of bi-trochanterion breadth, femur breadth, gluteal thigh circumference and foot length to floor-gymnastic performance were significant. Only gluteal thigh circumference showed a negative relationship with floor-gymnastic performance. The conclusion that can therefore be drawn is that larger limb and torso circumferences, waist breadths, fat percentages and front thigh skinfolds, as well as upper arm and foot lengths are important anthropometric floor performance determinants for young, South African female gymnasts and should be included in the sports-scientific testing protocols of gymnasts. Key words: Gymnastics; Floor; Anthropometry; Performance; Females; Girls","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5000,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"2","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","FirstCategoryId":"95","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJRS.V32I1.54087","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Abstract
The purposes of this study were firstly, to determine the anthropometric variables that differ significantly (p 0.05) between successful and less successful young, South-African female gymnasts who participate in the floor item and secondly, to determine the anthropometric variables that contribute to the floor item performance of those gymnasts. Twelve young, female gymnasts (13.39 ± 2.14 years) from a gymnastics club in the North-West Province of South Africa participated in the study. Only gymnasts who participated at level 6-9 and junior as well as senior Olympic level were selected to participate in the study. Sixty-one anthropometric variables were measured on the dominant side of the body according to the methods of Norton et al. (1996). Independent t-tests revealed that the gymnast who obtained the highest marks (top 5) during the execution of the floor item during the South African Gymnastics Championships had statistical and practical significantly larger relaxed and flexed upper arm, wrist and ankle circumferences as well as mesomorphy values than the less successful gymnasts. The cluster analysis-reduced variables were used to perform a forward, stepwise multiple regression analysis which showed that bi-trochanterion (34.86%), femur (17.07%) and bi-deltoid breadth (4.93%); front thigh skinfold (19.71%); fat percentage (7.68%); acromialradial (4.09%) and foot length (0.05%) as well as waist (6.68%), chest (2.92%) and gluteal thigh circumference (2.02%) contributed 100% to the variance in gymnasts’ floor performances. The contributions of bi-trochanterion breadth, femur breadth, gluteal thigh circumference and foot length to floor-gymnastic performance were significant. Only gluteal thigh circumference showed a negative relationship with floor-gymnastic performance. The conclusion that can therefore be drawn is that larger limb and torso circumferences, waist breadths, fat percentages and front thigh skinfolds, as well as upper arm and foot lengths are important anthropometric floor performance determinants for young, South African female gymnasts and should be included in the sports-scientific testing protocols of gymnasts. Key words: Gymnastics; Floor; Anthropometry; Performance; Females; Girls
本研究的目的首先是确定参加自由体操项目的成功和不太成功的年轻南非女体操运动员之间显著差异的人体测量变量(p 0.05),其次是确定有助于这些体操运动员自由体操项目表现的人体测量变量。来自南非西北省一家体操俱乐部的12名年轻女体操运动员(13.39±2.14岁)参加了本研究。只选择参加6-9级、初中和高中奥运会水平的体操运动员参加研究。根据Norton et al.(1996)的方法,在身体的优势侧测量61个人体测量变量。独立t检验显示,在南非体操锦标赛中,在自由体操项目的执行中获得最高分(前5名)的体操运动员,其放松和弯曲的上臂、手腕和脚踝周长以及中形态值在统计上和实践上都明显大于不太成功的体操运动员。采用聚类分析-精简变量进行多元正向逐步回归分析,结果显示双粗隆(34.86%)、股骨(17.07%)和双三角肌宽度(4.93%);大腿前皮褶(19.71%);脂肪率(7.68%);肩桡肌(4.09%)、脚长(0.05%)、腰围(6.68%)、胸围(2.92%)和臀大腿围(2.02%)对体操运动员自由体操成绩的差异贡献了100%。双转子宽度、股骨宽度、臀大腿围和足长对地板体操成绩的贡献显著。只有臀围与自由体操成绩呈负相关。因此,可以得出的结论是,较大的四肢和躯干周长、腰宽、脂肪百分比和大腿前部的皮肤褶皱,以及上臂和脚的长度是南非年轻女体操运动员重要的人体测量地板性能决定因素,应该纳入体操运动员的运动科学测试方案。关键词:体操;地板上;人体测量学;性能;女性;女孩
期刊介绍:
The South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical education and Recreation (SAJRSPER) is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes original research articles, systematic reviews, commentaries, and letters on topics related to Sport and Exercise science, Physical education and Recreation. This includes research of topics such as bio-mechanics, motor control, sport injuries and rehabilitation, clinical exercise interventions, physical education, as well as outdoor and recreation related topics. Material that is particularly unique and relevant to the subject content at an international and national level would be considered.