Chronobiological consequences of long haul flights, travel fatigue, and jet lag

Abstract

Travel fatigue is associated with long haul flights, and jet lag is experienced when flights entail transmeridian travel. Symptoms are linked with disturbance of the body's circadian rhythms. Exercise performance may be affected until the body clock is adjusted to the new time zone. Methods of speeding up the adjustment include pharmacological and behavioral methods. Emphasis is placed on behavioral strategies and appropriate use of exposure to light. Care is needed in the timing of exercise training, particularly having traveled eastwards. A holistic strategy incorporates planning for the journey, for the flight itself, and for the days immediately following.