Genotoxic and antimicrobial studies of the leaves of Psidium guajava

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
N. Ofodile, N. Nwakanma, M. Mordi, Oluwakemi Ademolu, Isabella Ezimoke, J. Owoso
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引用次数: 12

Abstract

Background: The guava, Psidium guajava is one of the most gregarious of fruit trees, of the Myrtaceae family. The leaf of P. guajava is a common herb used in the treatment of diarrhea in Nigeria and this has generated special interest in the probable antimicrobial and genotoxic effects of the leaf. However the mode of action of the leaf extracts has not been reported, hence the genotoxicity study. Material and Methods: Antimicrobial activity of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Psidium guajava on Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus aureus were investigated using agar-well method and also subjected to phytochemical screening and Gas chromatography-Mass spectroscopy analysis. General toxicity and genotoxic effects of the aqueous leaf extracts (0.01 g/mL, 0.03 g/mL, 0.06 g/mL and 0.08 g/mL) of P. guajava on Allium cepa root tips were also investigated using aceto-orcein squash technique. Results: Results showed that both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of guava leaf inhibited the growth of the bacteria and fungi tested. The ethanolic extract showed stronger inhibition than the aqueous extract against the organisms. A total of forty one compounds were identified in guava leaves using GC-MS analysis and these substances were found to be essential oils. The cytological effects at low concentration included mainly c-mitosis, vagrant chromosomes, chromosome bridges, and binucleate cells with E C s o o f 0.02 g/mL. Conclusions: The antimicrobial activity of the essential oils from the extracts of leaves of P. guajava could be partly due to alterations associated with the cell division as deduced from the results.
瓜石榴叶的遗传毒性和抗菌研究
背景:番石榴(Psidium guajava)是桃金娘科最群居的果树之一。瓜石榴树的叶子是尼日利亚治疗腹泻的常用草药,这引起了人们对叶子可能的抗菌和基因毒性作用的特别兴趣。然而,叶提取物的作用方式尚未报道,因此进行了遗传毒性研究。材料与方法:采用琼脂孔法研究瓜石榴叶水提液和醇提液对烟曲霉、白色念珠菌、沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性,并进行植物化学筛选和气相色谱-质谱分析。采用乙酰胆碱挤压技术,研究了瓜石榴叶水提物(0.01 g/mL、0.03 g/mL、0.06 g/mL和0.08 g/mL)对葱根尖的一般毒性和遗传毒性作用。结果:番石榴叶水提液和醇提液均能抑制细菌和真菌的生长。乙醇提取物对微生物的抑制作用强于水提取物。通过GC-MS分析,从番石榴叶中鉴定出41种化合物,这些物质均为番石榴精油。低浓度下的细胞学效应主要为C -有丝分裂、游离染色体、染色体桥接和双核细胞,E - C浓度为0.02 g/mL。结论:番石榴叶提取物精油的抑菌活性可能与细胞分裂相关的变化有关。
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来源期刊
Eurasian Journal of Biosciences
Eurasian Journal of Biosciences Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all)
CiteScore
1.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: EurAsian Journal of BioSciences (Abbrev. Eurasia J Biosci or EJOBIOS) is an international, refereed electronic journal. It publishes the results of original research in the field of biological sciences restricted tomorphology, physiology, genetics, taxonomy, ecology and biogeography of both prokaryotic and eucaryotic organisms. The journal encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with plant biology, animal biology, plant physiology, microbiology, hydrobiology, ecology and environmental science, ethnobiology, biodiversity and conservation biology. EurAsian Journal of BioSciences publishes original articles in the following areas: -Agriculture, Fisheries & Food -Anatomy & Morphology -Behavioural Sciences -Biology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology -Biophysics -Biology Education -Cellular Biology and Anatomical Sciences -Ecology, Evolution & Environment -Entomology -Forestry -General Biology -Genetics & Heredity -Life Sciences - Other topics -Microbiology and Immunology -Molecular Biology -Mycology -Palaeontology -Parasitology -Pharmacology & Pharmacy -Physiology and Related Sciences -Plant Sciences -Toxicology -Veterinary Sciences -Virology -Zoology
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