HEAVY METALS IN WATER, SEDIMENT AND IN SOME SELECTED FISH SPECIES OF THE ENNORE AND CHENNAI FISHERIES HARBOUR, CHENNAI, TAMIL NADU

Q4 Environmental Science

Pollution Research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.012

Hemasankari Palani, P. Kaladharan, V. Kripa, R. N. Kumar, A. Gopalakrishnan

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Abstract

Mercury and arsenic are the toxic heavy metals found in water, sediment and in different species of fish tissue, Rastrelliger kanagurta(Indian Mackerel), Nemipterus spp., (threadfin beam), Parapenaeopsis Maxillipedo (shrimp), Metapenaeus dobsoni (shrimp), Perna sp. (bivalve), Sepia sp.(Cephalopod-cuttlefish) and Loligo sp.(Cephalopod–squid) of the Chennai, Ennore estuary. The water, sediment and fish tissues were analysed for mercury and arsenic using standard procedure in Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. The maximum mercury concentration in water is 0.02ppb±0.01, in sediment is 0.30 ppb±0.01 and in different fish tissue species in Rastrelliger Kanagurta, 0.25ppb±0.06, Nemipterus spp., 0.54ppb±0.06, Parapenaeopsis Maxilli - pedo 0.58ppb±0.06, Metapenaeus dobsoni, 0.34 ppb±0.06, Perna sp., 0.61ppb±0.06 and Sepia sp. 0.72ppb±0.06 and Loligo sp.,Cephalopod-squid, 0.38 ppb±0.06 in the first quarter. Among the fish species selected for the study during Apr-June’09, the lowest mercury content is in Rastrelliger kanagurta (Indian Mackerel), 0.35ppb±0.11 followed by Metapenaeus dobsoni,0.68ppb±0.11, Sepia spp., 0.76ppb±0.11, Loligo sp. (Cephalopod squid), 0.78 ppb±0.11 and Nemipterus spp. (threadfin bream), 1.29ppb±0.11 during second quarter. The percentage increase in mercury during first quarter is 64.67% from lowest to highest. The percentage increase in mercury during second quarter is 55.99% from lowest to highest. The percentage increase in mercury content in µg/g (ppb) was 80.27% from lowest to highest. The metal concentration in tissues µg/g (ppb) ranged between 0.26-1.29µg/g (ppb) in mercury. Among the fish species selected for study for arsenic during JanMar’09, the lowest arsenic content is in Rastrelliger Kanagurta (Indian Mack erel), 3.85ppb±8.22 followed by Nemipterus spp. (threadfin bream), 6.10ppb±8.22, Loligo sp., 26.09ppb±8.22, Metapenaeopsis Maxillipedo (shrimp), 34.72 ppb±8.22, Parapenaeopsis Maxi - millipedo (shrimp), 43.84ppb±8.22, Sepia spp., 52.09ppb±8.22 and Perna sp. (bivalve) 60.13 ppb±8.22 in the first quarter. Among the fish species selected for the study during Apr-June’09, the lowest arsenic content is in Rastrelliger kanagurta (Indrai Mackerel), 4.35ppb±7.88 followed by Nemipterus spp. (threadfin bream), 13.12ppb±7.88, Metapenaeus dobsoni (shrimp) 14.92 ppb± 7.88, Sepia sp., (Cephalopod cuttlefish), 18.74ppb±7.88 and Loligo sp. (Cephalopod –squid) 45.09 ppb±7.88 in the second quarter. The percentage increase in arsenic during first quarter is 93.58%. The percentage increase in arsenic during second quarter is 90.34%. The percentage increase in arsenic content value in µg/g(ppb) was 93.58%. The metal concentration in tissues, µg/g (ppb) ranged between 3.85-60.13µg/g(ppb). The lowest mercury in tissue was found in the species Rastrelliger Kanagurta was 0.25µg/g (ppb)±0.06 and in arsenic it was 3.85µg/g, (ppb) ±8.22 the highest mercury in tissue was found in the Nemipterus sp., 1.29µg/g(ppb)±0.11, the highest arsenic was found in 60.13µg/g (ppb)±7.88 in Perna sp.(bivalve).

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泰米尔纳德邦金奈的埃诺尔和金奈渔港的水、沉积物和某些选定鱼类的重金属含量

汞和砷是在水、沉积物和不同种类的鱼类组织中发现的有毒重金属，如印度鲭鱼(Rastrelliger kanagurta)、Nemipterus spp.(丝状梁)、Parapenaeopsis Maxillipedo(虾)、Metapenaeus dobsoni(虾)、Perna sp.(双壳类)、Sepia sp.(头足类-乌贼)和Loligo sp.(头足类-鱿鱼)。采用原子吸收分光光度法对水、沉积物和鱼组织的汞和砷进行了分析。第一季度，水中汞浓度最高为0.02ppb±0.01，沉积物中汞浓度最高为0.30 ppb±0.01，不同鱼类中汞浓度最高为0.25ppb±0.06,Nemipterus为0.54ppb±0.06,parapenaeus - Maxilli - pedo为0.58ppb±0.06,Metapenaeus dobsoni为0.34 ppb±0.06,Perna为0.61ppb±0.06,Sepia为0.72ppb±0.06,Loligo为0.38 ppb±0.06，头足类鱿鱼为0.38 ppb±0.06。2009年4 - 6月期间所选鱼类中汞含量最低的是印度鲭鱼(Rastrelliger kanagurta)，为0.35ppb±0.11，其次是杜氏后虾(Metapenaeus dobsoni)，为0.68ppb±0.11,Sepia spp，为0.76ppb±0.11,Loligo sp.(头足类鱿鱼)，为0.78 ppb±0.11,Nemipterus spp(梭子鱼)，为1.29ppb±0.11。第一季度汞含量从低到高的增幅为64.67%。第二季度汞含量从低到高的增幅为55.99%。汞含量(µg/g (ppb))从低到高的增幅为80.27%。组织中金属浓度μ g/g (ppb)范围为0.26 ~ 1.29 μ g/g (ppb)汞。2009年1月1日选取的鱼类中，第一季度砷含量最低的是拉斯特利格·卡纳古塔(印度鲭鱼)，为3.85ppb±8.22，其次是Nemipterus spp.(梭子鱼)，6.10ppb±8.22,Loligo sp.， 26.09ppb±8.22,Metapenaeopsis Maxillipedo(虾)，34.72 ppb±8.22,Parapenaeopsis Maxi - millipedo(虾)，43.84ppb±8.22,Sepia spp.， 52.09ppb±8.22和Perna sp.(双壳类)60.13 ppb±8.22。2009年4 - 6月选取的鱼类中，砷含量最低的是Rastrelliger kanagurta (Indrai鲭鱼)，为4.35ppb±7.88，其次是Nemipterus spp(线鳍鲷)，为13.12ppb±7.88,Metapenaeus dobsoni(虾)14.92 ppb±7.88,Sepia sp.(头足类乌贼)，为18.74ppb±7.88,Loligo sp.(头足类鱿鱼)为45.09 ppb±7.88。第一季度砷含量上升百分比为93.58%。第二季度砷含量增加的百分比为90.34%。砷含量值(µg/g(ppb))增加百分比为93.58%。组织中金属浓度，µg/g(ppb)在3.85 ~ 60.13µg/g(ppb)之间。组织中汞含量最低的是拉斯特利格·卡那古塔(Rastrelliger Kanagurta)，为0.25µg/g (ppb)±0.06，砷含量为3.85µg/g (ppb)±8.22，最高的是Nemipterus sp.，为1.29µg/g(ppb)±0.11，最高的是双壳贝(Perna sp.)，为60.13µg/g (ppb)±7.88。

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