High enteric bacterial contamination of drinking water in Jigjiga city, Eastern Ethiopia

IF 0.5 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Henok Sileshi Asfaw, M. Reta, F. Yimer
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引用次数: 7

Abstract

Background: The high prevalence of diarrheal disease among children and infants can be traced due to the use of unsafe water and unhygienic practices. The overall concept adopted for microbiological quality is that no water intended for human consumption shall contain Escherichia coli per 100 ml sample. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess household water handling and hygienic practices and to determine bacteriological quality of drinking water from different sources in Jigjiga city. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess bacteriological quality of drinking water in Jigjiga city from May-August, 2013. Both simple random and convenient sampling techniques were applied to select 238 households to assess water handling and hygienic practices, and 125 water samples to assess bacteriological quality of drinking water respectively. The water samples were collected from household water container, pipeline, water reservoir, ‘ Beyollie ’, and main sources. Easily isolated bacteria called coliforms were used as indicator organisms of human and other animals’ fecal contamination status of drinking water. Data were summarized using descriptive and analytical statistics. Chi-square (χ2) and logistic regression tests were used and p<0.05 was considered as cut off value for statistical significance. Results: Overall, 71.2%(n=89) of water samples were contaminated by one or more bacterial species of E.coli , Shigella Sp, Salmonella Sp, and Vibrio sp. Particularly, 65(52%), 10(8%), 9(7.2%), and 8(6.4%) were contaminated by E.coli , Shigella sp, Salmonella sp, and Vibrio sp, respectively. On the other hand, 20% of the households and pipeline water samples had a fecal coliform count of 150 and above. Placement of water drinking utensils had a statistically significant association with illiterate education (p=0.01, AOR=5.47, 95% CI: (1.31, 22.78)) and male household head (p=0.02, AOR=2.11, 95% CI: (1.10, 4.05)). Conclusions: The majorities of drinking water sources were highly contaminated by Enterobacteriaceae . Regular bacteriological water quality control mechanisms need to be in place to ensure bacteriological safety of drinking water. [ Ethiop. J. Health Dev . 2016;30(3):118-128] Keywords: Contamination, drinking water, households, enteric bacteria, Jigjiga
埃塞俄比亚东部吉吉加市饮用水高度肠道细菌污染
背景:儿童和婴儿腹泻病的高流行率可追溯到使用不安全的水和不卫生的做法。对微生物质量所采用的总体概念是,供人类饮用的水每100毫升样品中不得含有大肠杆菌。目的:本研究的目的是评估吉吉加市家庭用水处理和卫生习惯,并确定不同来源的饮用水的细菌质量。方法:采用横断面法对2013年5 - 8月吉吉加市饮用水细菌质量进行评价。采用简单随机抽样和方便抽样两种方法,分别选取238户家庭进行水处理和卫生习惯评价,选取125个水样进行饮用水细菌质量评价。从家庭用水容器、管道、水库、“Beyollie”和主要水源中采集水样。被称为大肠菌群的易分离细菌被用作人类和其他动物的饮用水粪便污染状况的指示生物。采用描述性统计和分析性统计对数据进行汇总。采用χ2检验和logistic回归检验,p<0.05为有统计学意义的截断值。结果:总体而言,71.2%(n=89)的水样被大肠杆菌、志贺氏菌、沙门氏菌和弧菌中的一种或多种细菌污染,其中65例(52%)、10例(8%)、9例(7.2%)、8例(6.4%)被大肠杆菌、志贺氏菌、沙门氏菌和弧菌污染。另一方面,20%的家庭和管道水样的粪便大肠菌群数量在150及以上。饮水器具的放置与文盲教育程度(p=0.01, AOR=5.47, 95% CI:(1.31, 22.78))和男性户主(p=0.02, AOR=2.11, 95% CI:(1.10, 4.05))有统计学显著相关。结论:大部分饮用水源受到肠杆菌科细菌的高度污染。需要建立定期的细菌水质控制机制,以确保饮用水的细菌安全。[阿比西尼亚人。J.卫生发展。[关键词]污染,饮用水,家庭,肠道细菌,叮叮咚
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来源期刊
Ethiopian Journal of Health Development
Ethiopian Journal of Health Development PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Ethiopian Journal of Health Development is a multi and interdisciplinary platform that provides space for public health experts in academics, policy and programs to share empirical evidence to contribute to health development agenda. We publish original research articles, reviews, brief communications and commentaries on public health issues, to inform current research, policy and practice in all areas of common interest to the scholars in the field of public health, social sciences and humanities, health practitioners and policy makers. The journal publishes material relevant to any aspect of public health from a wide range of fields: epidemiology, environmental health, health economics, reproductive health, behavioral sciences, nutrition, psychiatry, social pharmacy, medical anthropology, medical sociology, clinical psychology and wide arrays of social sciences and humanities. The journal publishes the following types of contribution: 1) Peer-reviewed original research articles and critical or analytical reviews in any area of social public health. These papers may be up to 3,500 words excluding abstract, tables, and references. Papers below this limit are preferred. 2) Peer-reviewed short reports of research findings on topical issues or published articles of between 2000 and 4000 words. 3) Brief communications, and commentaries debating on particular areas of focus, and published alongside, selected articles. 4) Special Issues bringing together collections of papers on a particular theme, and usually guest edited. 5) Editorial that flags critical issues of public health debate for policy, program and scientific consumption or further debate
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