Analysis of input demand by smallholder cotton producers in eastern Uganda.

Eastern Africa journal of rural development Pub Date : 2008-02-21 DOI:10.4314/EAJRD.V21I1.28374

M. Barungi, J. Mugisha, I. Nalukenge

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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Cotton farming in Uganda is mostly undertaken by smallholder farmers who face invariably several problems such as pests, price volatility, weather uncertainty and transaction costs with limited use of purchased inputs such as cotton seed and pesticides. This study focused on transaction costs that cotton farmers incur. The study therefore aimed at determining transaction costs that cotton farmers incur in production and other factors that effect farmers' demand for seed and pesticides, and estimating the proportion of total variable costs of cotton production accounted for by transaction costs. A survey of cotton farmers was conducted in Kumi and Pallisa districts, well known for cotton production in eastern Uganda The econometric models used in this study stem from the theory of log linear or constant elasticity form of single demand equations. Linear regression analysis of data was executed using SPSS in order to facilitate the estimation of the demand functions for cotton seed and pesticides. Results indicate that the percentage share of transaction costs of total variable costs of production was remarkable (34 %). A break down of total transaction costs revealed that lost revenue formed the greatest percentage (85%), followed by imputed transport costs (11%) and opportunity cost of travel and waiting time (4%), respectively. However, the statistically significant determinants of farmers' demand for cotton seed and pesticides were farmers' income and size of the cotton field. To enable the smallholder farmers who usually plant small areas to cotton, and the low-income farmers who are the majority in the rural areas, policy amendments inclined towards reduction of the transaction costs can improve the profitability of the cotton enterprise by increasing the demand for inputs. Stakeholders in the cotton sub sector responsible for seed distribution should also delivery the seed in time. Keywords : cotton, input demand, pesticide, transaction costs Eastern Africa Journal of Rural Development Vol. 21 (1) 2005: pp. 73-83

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乌干达东部小农棉花生产者投入需求分析。

乌干达的棉花种植主要由小农承担，他们总是面临虫害、价格波动、天气不确定性和交易成本等问题，而购买的棉籽和杀虫剂等投入物的使用有限。本研究主要关注棉农产生的交易成本。因此，本研究旨在确定棉农在生产过程中产生的交易成本以及影响棉农对种子和农药需求的其他因素，并估计交易成本占棉花生产总可变成本的比例。对乌干达东部以棉花生产闻名的Kumi和Pallisa地区的棉农进行了调查。本研究中使用的计量经济模型源于单一需求方程的对数线性或常弹性形式理论。为了便于估计棉花种子和农药的需求函数，对数据使用SPSS进行线性回归分析。结果表明，交易成本占生产总可变成本的比例显著(34%)。对总交易成本的细分显示，收入损失所占比例最大(85%)，其次是估算运输成本(11%)和旅行和等待时间的机会成本(4%)。然而，农民对棉花种子和农药需求的统计显著决定因素是农民的收入和棉花田的规模。为了使通常种植面积较小的小农和农村占多数的低收入农民能够种植棉花，倾向于降低交易成本的政策修正可以通过增加对投入物的需求来提高棉花企业的盈利能力。负责种子分配的棉花分部门的利益相关者也应及时交付种子。关键词:棉花，投入需求，农药，交易成本东非农村发展杂志Vol. 21 (1) 2005: pp. 73-83

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Eastern Africa journal of rural development

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