Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk indices in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: Dyslipidemia a common feature of diabetes mellitus leads to cardiovascular complications. These complications are not detected early enough due to absence of cheap and routine biomarker. Aim: Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the cardiovascular risk indices of diabetes mellitus individuals using Atherogenic coefficient (Ac), Cardiac Risk Ratio (CRR), Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and Non- HDL – cholesterol (surrogate marker for apolipoprotein B) in this locality. Methods: Serum Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C), Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDL-C), Very Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (VLDL-C) as well as cardiovascular risk indices (Cardiac Risk Ratio (CRR), atherogenic coefficient (Ac), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and Non-HDL cholesterol) were assessed. Results: The TC,TG,LDL-C,VLDL-C as well as all the cardiometabolic risk indices of diabetes were observed to be significantly high (P<0.05) when compared with control subjects. HDL-C in diabetes was observed to be significantly low (P<0.05) when compared with control subjects. Conclusion: The results indicates greater propensity of diabetes to cardiovascular complications. We therefore advocate routine use of these indices as part of lipid profile in order to nip any cardiovascular complication early enough.