Characteristics of Autophagy Induced by Enterovirus71 (EV71) Viral Protein

Abstract

Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is a type of infectious disease that is more commonly seen in children under the age of 6 years. It was first reported in New Zealand in 1957, and then outbreaks occurred in Europe, America and Asia. In recent years, the incidence of HFMD in China is also on the rise. HFMD was caused by Coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) and Human Enterovirus 71 (EV71) and other virus. CVA16 usually causes mild cases and is less harmful, while EV71 infection causes not only mild cases, but also severe and fatal cases; it has become a cause of concern. The mechanism of HFMD caused by EV71 virus is not completely clear. After it infects host cells, the EV71 virus genome undergoes replication, translation, assembly, and the release of virosomes. Some studies have reported that EV71 could induce host cell autophagy. Autophagy is a cellular process necessary for the lysosomal degradation and recycling of proteins and entire organelles. It can act as not only a defense mechanism to prevent environmental damage to cells, also induce cell death in eukaryotes. To explore the correlation and characteristics of EV71 virus, EV71 viral protein and autophagy, we used EV71 and recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1 (+) -HA-X to infect human 293T cells, and we found that autophagy could be induced by EV71. With the prolongation of infection, autophagy presents a dynamic trend. And the protein that causes autophagy is structural protein VP1 and nonstructural protein 2A.