{"title":"Humic acid improved germination rate, seedling growth and antioxidant system of pea (Pisum sativum L. var. Alicia) grown in water polluted with CdCl2","authors":"M. Basahi","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2021023","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Seeds of pea (Pisum sativum L. var. Alicia) were germinated for 5 d by soaking in distilled water or treated with cadmium and/or humic acid (HA). Interaction between humic acid and cadmium was previously discussed. However, the regulation of the humic acid / cadmium interaction during seed germination, the first crucial stage of the plant life cycle, need to be clarified. Seed germination is an important stage of the plant life, which is highly sensitive to surrounding medium changes, since the germinating seed is the first interface of material exchange between plant cycle and environment. Relationships among cadmium stress, HA-treatment, germination rate, and changes in reserve mobilization were studied. Cadmium disrupted the soaking process that was a major event of germination. Moreover, important solutes leakage due to Cd-treatment caused disorder in reserve mobilization from cotyledons to growing embryonic axes. The observed delay in germination rate and seedling growth after Cd-treatment could be explained, partially, by the disturbance in the mobilization of water and nutrients. NADH-and MDA-activities were considered as markers of oxidative stress. they were substantially increased after Cd-treatment compared with controls but decreased in presence of AH. Excessive NADH oxidase activities proved the install of oxidative stress in Cd poisoned seeds. We suggested an antagonist effect of Cd and HA on oxidative stress enzyme activities. Treatment of seeds with Cd and/or AH maintained a high level of guaiacol peroxidase activities during five days. The possible implication of GPOX against Cd toxicity and the improvement of the antioxidant system after AH treatment proved an important implication of these findings during germination.","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"2","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"AIMS Environmental Science","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2021023","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Abstract
Seeds of pea (Pisum sativum L. var. Alicia) were germinated for 5 d by soaking in distilled water or treated with cadmium and/or humic acid (HA). Interaction between humic acid and cadmium was previously discussed. However, the regulation of the humic acid / cadmium interaction during seed germination, the first crucial stage of the plant life cycle, need to be clarified. Seed germination is an important stage of the plant life, which is highly sensitive to surrounding medium changes, since the germinating seed is the first interface of material exchange between plant cycle and environment. Relationships among cadmium stress, HA-treatment, germination rate, and changes in reserve mobilization were studied. Cadmium disrupted the soaking process that was a major event of germination. Moreover, important solutes leakage due to Cd-treatment caused disorder in reserve mobilization from cotyledons to growing embryonic axes. The observed delay in germination rate and seedling growth after Cd-treatment could be explained, partially, by the disturbance in the mobilization of water and nutrients. NADH-and MDA-activities were considered as markers of oxidative stress. they were substantially increased after Cd-treatment compared with controls but decreased in presence of AH. Excessive NADH oxidase activities proved the install of oxidative stress in Cd poisoned seeds. We suggested an antagonist effect of Cd and HA on oxidative stress enzyme activities. Treatment of seeds with Cd and/or AH maintained a high level of guaiacol peroxidase activities during five days. The possible implication of GPOX against Cd toxicity and the improvement of the antioxidant system after AH treatment proved an important implication of these findings during germination.
腐植酸提高了CdCl2污染水体中豌豆(Pisum sativum L. var. Alicia)的发芽率、幼苗生长和抗氧化系统
以豌豆(Pisum sativum L. var. Alicia)种子为试验材料,采用蒸馏水浸泡或镉和/或腐植酸(HA)处理,使种子萌发5 d。腐植酸与镉的相互作用已在前面讨论过。然而,在植物生命周期的第一个关键阶段——种子萌发过程中,腐植酸/镉相互作用的调控需要澄清。种子萌发是植物生命的重要阶段,对周围环境的变化高度敏感,是植物生长周期与环境物质交换的第一个界面。研究了镉胁迫、ha处理、发芽率与储备动员变化之间的关系。镉破坏了浸渍过程,这是发芽的主要事件。此外,cd处理导致的大量溶质渗漏导致子叶到胚轴的储备动员紊乱。cd处理后的发芽率和幼苗生长延迟,部分原因是cd干扰了水分和养分的调动。nadh和mda活性被认为是氧化应激的标志。与对照组相比,cd治疗后它们显著增加,但存在AH时它们减少。过量的NADH氧化酶活性证明了Cd中毒种子存在氧化胁迫。我们认为Cd和HA对氧化应激酶活性有拮抗作用。Cd和/或AH处理的种子在5天内保持较高水平的愈创木酚过氧化物酶活性。GPOX抗Cd毒性的可能含义以及AH处理后抗氧化系统的改善证明了这些发现在萌发过程中的重要意义。