LAND MARKET IN UKRAINE: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS

Abstract

The article presents a study on the peculiarities of the formation of the land market of the agricultural sector of Ukraine. The first results of the initiated scheme of purchase and sale of agricultural land, the activity of buyers and sellers in the land market, their expectations and opportunities are analyzed. It is determined that land, labor and capital should function as goods in a market economy, as factors of production. It is emphasized that the basis of agrarian reforms is land reform. The land market in Ukraine opened on July 1, 2021. Citizens of Ukraine, legal entities of Ukraine, territorial communities and the state have acquired the right of ownership of agricultural land plots. The total area of agricultural land owned by a citizen and a legal entity may not exceed 10.000 hectares. Only individuals have the right to purchase land until January 1, 2024. Until January 1, 2030, the sale price of agricultural land allocated on the ground to the owners of land shares (units) may not be less than their regulatory monetary value. The author concluded that the land legislation of Ukraine should take into account all the threats and controversial issues that may arise in the case of the functioning of the land market in the agricultural sector. The conceptual model of land market regulation should protect the interests of all participants in the market process. The main functional components of this model are the redistribution of land resources into the ownership of efficient land users, achieving the required level of profitability of agricultural producers to ensure expanded reproduction, budget and tax support for agricultural producers and rural development, reproduction of land resources as part of the ecological system. The main directions for developing a conceptual model are the effective implementation of the regulated agricultural land market, regulation of lease relations, effective use of financial and tax levers to support the land ownership.