Is the difference in consumption and income an indication of petty corruption?

IF 0.3 Q4 ECONOMICS

Zhurnal Novaya Ekonomicheskaya Assotsiatsiya-Journal of the New Economic Association Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.31737/2221-2264-2021-49-1-4

T. Zhuravleva, Russia Saint Petersburg

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Based on micro-level data on reported household earnings, expenditures and assets, provided by the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS) for the period 2000–2013, it is found that households with workers in the public sector receive lower earnings than households with members employed in the private sector but enjoy the same level of consumption. Controlling for the reported level of earnings, private households do not show a significantly higher probability of possessing summer cottages (dachas), cars and computers, or living in better housing conditions, or having a higher level of monetary savings. The differences in assets cannot be reconciled with the sizeable expenditure-income gap found. The precautionary motives of workers are not able to reconcile these discrepancies either: neither attitude to risk, nor risk itself, differ between individuals employed in the private and public sectors. It is hypothesized that employees continue working in the public sector despite their low rate of official pay, because of unreported income they receive, or bribes.

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消费和收入的差异是轻微腐败的标志吗?

根据俄罗斯纵向监测调查(RLMS)提供的2000-2013年期间报告的家庭收入、支出和资产的微观数据，发现有公共部门员工的家庭收入低于有私营部门员工的家庭，但享有相同的消费水平。控制报告的收入水平，私人家庭并没有显示出拥有避暑别墅(dachas)，汽车和电脑，或生活在更好的住房条件，或拥有更高水平的货币储蓄的显著更高的可能性。资产上的差异与所发现的巨大支出收入差距是无法调和的。工人的预防动机也无法调和这些差异:无论是对风险的态度，还是风险本身，在私营部门和公共部门就业的个人之间都不一样。据推测，尽管公务员的工资很低，但他们仍然在公共部门工作，因为他们收到了未报告的收入或贿赂。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Zhurnal Novaya Ekonomicheskaya Assotsiatsiya-Journal of the New Economic Association ECONOMICS-

CiteScore

1.00

自引率

20.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Key Journal''s objectives: bring together economists of different schools of thought across the Russian Federation; strengthen ties between Academy institutes, educational establishments and economic research centers; improve the quality of Russian economic research and education; integrate economic science and education; speed up the integration of Russian economic science in the global mainstream of economic research. The Journal publishes both theoretical and empirical articles, devoted to all aspects of economic science, which are of interest for wide range of specialists. It welcomes high-quality interdisciplinary projects and economic studies employing methodologies from other sciences such as physics, psychology, political science, etc. Special attention is paid to analyses of processes occurring in the Russian economy. Decisions about publishing of articles are based on a double-blind review process. Exceptions are short notes in the section "Hot Topic", which is usually formed by special invitations and after considerations of the Editorial Board. The only criterion to publish is the quality of the work (original approach, significance and substance of findings, clear presentation style). No decision to publish or reject an article will be influenced by the author belonging to whatever public movement or putting forward ideas advocated by whatever political movement. The Journal comes out four times a year, each issue consisting of 12 to 15 press sheets. Now it is published only in Russian. The English translations of the Journal issues are posted on the Journal website as open access resources.