Participant Observation of a Mars Surface Habitat Mission Simulation

W. Clancey
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引用次数: 17

Abstract

For twelve days in April 2002 we performed a closed simulation in the Mars Desert Research Station in Utah, isolated from other people, while exploring the area and sharing daily chores. Email provided our only means of contact; all mission-related messages were mediated by a remote mission support team. This protocol enabled a systematic and controlled study of crew activities, scheduling, and use of space. The study was primarily a methodological experiment in participant observation and work practice analysis, gathering quantitative data as part of an ethnographic study. The work practice analysis focused on two questions: Where did the time go—why did the crew feel rushed and unable to complete their work? How can we measure productivity, to compare habitat designs, schedules, roles, and tools? Analysis suggests that a simple scheduling change—having lunch and dinner earlier, plus eliminating afternoon meetings—increased the available productive time by 41%. Furthermore, observation of work practices suggested how to eliminate direct use of GPS devices by the crew, illustrating how an ethnographic study can help produce dramatically new operations concepts.
火星表面栖息地任务模拟的参与观测
2002年4月,我们在犹他州的火星沙漠研究站进行了为期12天的封闭模拟,与他人隔离,同时探索该地区并分享日常琐事。电子邮件是我们唯一的联系方式;所有与特派团有关的信息均由一个远程特派团支助小组调解。该协议使对机组人员活动、日程安排和空间使用进行系统和可控的研究成为可能。该研究主要是参与者观察和工作实践分析的方法学实验,收集定量数据作为民族志研究的一部分。工作实践分析集中在两个问题上:时间都去哪儿了——为什么工作人员感到匆忙,无法完成工作?我们如何衡量生产力,以比较栖息地设计、时间表、角色和工具?分析表明,一个简单的日程安排改变——提前午餐和晚餐,再加上取消下午的会议——将可用的生产时间增加了41%。此外,对工作实践的观察表明,如何消除船员直接使用GPS设备,说明了民族志研究如何有助于产生全新的操作概念。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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