Laboratory evaluation of copper-based algaecides for control of the invasive macroalga starry stonewort (Nitellopsis obtusa)

IF 1.5 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Wesley J. Glisson, Rafael Contreras-Rangel, W. Bishop, Daniel Larkin
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Nitellopsis obtusa ([Desvaux] J. Groves [1919]; Characeae), known as starry stonewort, is an invasive macroalga in Laurentian Great Lakes states and provinces in North America. Because of its potential negative impacts on native ecosystems and recreation, N. obtusa has become a high-priority target for management. However, there is a critical lack of foundational information on the efficacy of different algaecides, and concentrations thereof, for N. obtusa control. Additionally, control of N. obtusa bulbils—asexual reproductive structures that are the main pathway for the establishment of new plants—has proven difficult. We tested the efficacy of six commonly used copper-based algaecides, at a series of copper concentrations up to the maximum labeled rate, on N. obtusa thalli (photosynthetic aboveground tissues) and bulbils in controlled laboratory experiments. Bulbils were placed above and below sediment in separate experiments to evaluate whether sediment acted as a barrier to treatment. At 14 days after treatment (DAT), there were significant reductions in thalli biomass (34% and 40%) for two algaecides at the highest concentration evaluated (1.0 mg Cu L -1 ) and significant thalli discoloration at 0.75 and 1.0 mg Cu L -1 for four algaecides. There were no significant negative effects on N. obtusa thalli biomass or discoloration at lower concentrations of any product. For below-sediment bulbils, none of the algaecides reduced N. obtusa viability compared to untreated controls by 56 DAT, and viability was significantly greater than in controls for three different algaecides at 0.25 mg Cu L -1 . For above-sediment bulbils, there was low sprouting across all algaecide treatments and untreated controls, indicating inhospitable growing conditions. These findings provide a baseline for improvement of chemical treatment options for N. obtusa , provide guidance for future research on N. obtusa control, and underscore the challenges in achieving sustained N. obtusa control.
铜基杀藻剂对入侵大藻星形石藻的室内防治效果评价
石竹(Nitellopsis obtusa) [d];星石藻(characterae),又名星石藻(starry stonewort),是一种入侵的大型藻类,分布在北美的劳伦森五大湖州和省。由于其对当地生态系统和游憩的潜在负面影响,黑桫椤已成为高度优先管理的目标。然而,对于不同的杀藻剂及其浓度对黑僵菌的控制效果的基础信息严重缺乏。此外,控制N. obtusa球茎(无性生殖结构,是建立新植物的主要途径)已被证明是困难的。在对照实验室实验中,我们测试了6种常用的铜基杀藻剂在一系列铜浓度达到最大标记率的情况下对N. obtusa菌体(地上光合组织)和球泡的效果。在不同的实验中,将球泡置于沉积物的上方和下方,以评估沉积物是否成为治疗的障碍。处理后14 d,两种杀藻剂浓度最高(1.0 mg Cu L -1)时,菌体生物量显著减少(34%和40%),四种杀藻剂浓度分别为0.75和1.0 mg Cu L -1时,菌体变色显著。在较低浓度条件下,各产物对黑僵菌的生物量和变色度均无显著的负面影响。对于沉积物下的球茎,与未处理的对照相比,任何一种杀藻剂都没有使褐藻的活力降低56个DAT,并且在0.25 mg Cu L -1浓度下,三种不同的杀藻剂的活力显著高于对照。在所有灭藻剂处理和未经处理的对照中,沉淀物上的球茎发芽率都很低,表明生长条件不适宜。这些研究结果为改进黑僵菌的化学治疗方案提供了基线,为今后的黑僵菌防治研究提供了指导,并强调了实现黑僵菌持续防治的挑战。
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来源期刊
Management of Biological Invasions
Management of Biological Invasions Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
6.70%
发文量
21
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: Management of Biological Invasions, established in 2010 by Dr. Elias Dana, is an open access, peer-reviewed international journal focusing on applied research in biological invasions in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems from around the world. This journal is devoted to bridging the gap between scientific research and the use of science in decision-making, regulation and management in the area of invasive species introduction and biodiversity conservation. Managing biological invasions is a crisis science, with Management of Biological Invasions aiming to provide insights to the issues, to document new forms of detection, measurements and analysis, and to document tangible solutions to this problem. In addition to original research on applied issues, Management of Biological Invasions publishes technical reports on new management technologies of invasive species and also the proceedings of relevant international meetings. As a platform to encourage informed discussion on matters of national and international importance, we publish viewpoint papers that highlight emerging issues, showcase initiatives, and present opinions of leading researchers.
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