Clinical manifestations and emotional disorders in patients with new coronavirus infection (COVID-19)

Abstract

The Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is characterized by a variety of clinical manifestations, including a predominant lesion of the respiratory system with the possible development of distress syndrome, the development of multiple organ failure. COVID-19 can cause depression, anxiety, and other emotional disorders, which may interfere with subsequent physical recovery. The aim – clinical analysis of emotional disorders in patients with the Novel Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19). Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of electronic medical records of 124 patients admitted to the infectious diseases department of Chelyabinsk City Clinical Hospital No. 8 in 2020–2021 was carried out. The methods of clinical and psychological research (including clinical conversation, observation and testing using the “Hospital Scale of Anxiety and Depression” HADS and the “Symptom Check List” SCL-90-R) were used to identify the features of the emotional states of patients with COVID-19. Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical package «Statistica 6.0». The Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used. Results. Typical complaints upon admission to the hospital are fever, cough, general weakness, loss of smell and taste, runny nose. The majority of patients showed elevated levels of C-reactive protein and protein of the acute phase of inflammation – ferritin, an increase in the D-dimer by more than 2.5 times compared with the average standard values, a decrease in the value of the prothrombin index (mean value 88.7±6.4%) indicate coagulopathy as a manifestation of hyperinflammation that develops in COVID-19. More than half of patients (52.08±9.42%) experienced psychological distress of moderate and high severity: an increased level of distress was recorded in 42.78±9.33% of the examined patients, a high level of distress was found in 9.30±5.48% of patients. Direct correlations of varying degrees of strength between general somatic distress and indicators of anxiety, depression, psychopathological manifestations (obsessive-compulsiveness and interpersonal sensitivity) and mental distress were identified. Revealed negative emotional experiences in patients with COVID-19 can cause adverse effects on the course and prognosis of the disease, reduce adherence to treatment, negatively affect the social functioning and quality of life of patients. © Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training 2022.