Lipid Emulsion Infusion in Resuscitation for Local Anesthetic and Other Drug Overdose

Abstract

Abstract The use of intravenous lipid emulsions (ILEs) as antidote in local anesthetic systemic toxicity has gained widespread support following convincing data from animal models, and successful case reports in humans. An injection of a simple, intravenous nutritional solution could be acutely life-saving for a patient with severe drug overdose. But dozens of published case reports support this observation, the first ones made more than a decade ago in a rodent model of bupivacaine toxicity. It is even more surprising that such a simple formulation can rapidly reverse severe clinical toxicity from a variety of vastly disparate medications with distinct pharmacodynamics and mechanisms of action. This review will focus on the clinical application of lipid emulsion therapy in resuscitation from drug-related toxicity and will provide an introduction to the development of a method, guidelines for its use, and insights into potential controversies and future applications [1].