Church and Community on the Medieval Irish Frontier; County Louth, 1170-1346

Q4 Arts and Humanities
Brendan G C Smith
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

The twelfth-century church reform movement was nowhere more successful than in the 6 Cearbaill kingdom of Oirghialla. In the 1130s Donnchadh 0 Cearbaill, king of Oirghialla, had supported the claims of Malachy 6 Morgair to the bishopric of Armagh and he in turn had appointed two reforming bishops to the diocese of Clogher/Oirghialla; first his brother Gilla Crist and following the latter's death in 1138 the Leinsterman and 'spiritual confessor' of Diarmait Mac Murchadha, Aed 6 Caellaidhe.1 Under the auspices of O Caellaidhe and 6 Cearbaill new religious orders were introduced into Oirghialla; the Arrouaisians at Louth, Knock and Termonfeckin and the Cistercians at Mellifont. The antiphony of Armagh contains an obit for Donn chadh 6 Cearbaill which states that 'in this time tithes were collected' and from another source we know that the system of episcopal quarters was in operation in the diocese of Clogher at this time. Without wishing to suggest that a parochial system was in place in the diocese before the arrival of the English it seems probable that Clogher had gone further down this road than other Irish dioceses.2 6 CearbailPs support for the church reformers was not entirely disinterested. He had recently added the present County Louth to his original land of Monaghan and wanted this conquest acknowledged by having the authority of the bishop of Clogher/Oirghialla likewise extended to include his new territory. This involved a redrawing of the ecclesiastical boundaries laid down at the synod of Raith BressaU in 1111. In the first instance the southern boundary of the province of Armagh would have to be moved from the Sliabh Beagh hills, which run from Collon to Clogherhead, to the River Boyne and secondly the present County Louth, from Carlingford Lough in the north to the Boyne in the south would have to be transferred from the control of the diocese of Armagh to that of Clogher.3 In 1142 Malachy agreed to this arrangement. The cathedral chapter of the diocese of Oirghialla was transferred from Clogher to Louth and Bishop Aed 6 Caellaidhe simultaneously became prior of the Arrouaisian community established there in that year. Donnchadh 6 Cearbaill had achieved his goal, but Malachy's acquiescence in his wishes was unpopular at Armagh and left a legacy of resentment between that diocese and Clogher which was to survive the arrival of the English and directly affected their policies there.4 There is no evidence of English settlement as opposed to English raids in the modern County Louth before 1185, but contacts with local church had certainly been established by that date. In 1177 King Henry confirmed to
中世纪爱尔兰边境的教会与社区洛斯县,1170-1346
12世纪的教会改革运动在奥尔吉亚拉王国(Oirghialla)最成功。11世纪30年代,奥吉亚拉国王唐查德·希尔贝尔支持马拉奇·莫尔加对阿尔马教区的要求,并任命了两名改革派主教到奥吉亚拉教区;首先是他的兄弟吉拉·克里斯特,在后者于1138年去世后,莱因斯特曼和迪亚梅特·麦克·默查达的“精神忏忏者”,a6 Caellaidhe.1在a6 Caellaidhe和Cearbaill的主持下,新的宗教秩序被引入奥吉亚拉;劳斯、诺克和特蒙费金的亚劳斯人,梅利丰的西多会教徒。Armagh的副歌包含了Donn chadh 6 earbaill的讣告,其中说“在这个时候,十分之一被收集”,从另一个来源我们知道,主教区制度在这个时候在Clogher教区运作。虽然我不想说在英格兰人到来之前,教区就已经有了教区制度,但很可能克罗格比其他爱尔兰教区走得更远。援助金对教会改革者的支持并非完全无私。他最近将现在的劳斯郡加入了他原来的莫纳汉土地,并希望通过将Clogher/Oirghialla主教的权威同样扩展到包括他的新领土来承认这一征服。这涉及到对1111年Raith BressaU会议制定的教会边界的重新划分。首先,阿马省的南部边界必须从从科隆到克罗格黑德,再到博因河的Sliabh Beagh山转移到博因河,其次,现在的洛斯郡,从北部的卡灵福德湖到南部的博因河,必须从阿马教区的控制转移到克罗格。Oirghialla教区的大教堂分会从Clogher转移到loth,主教Aed 6 Caellaidhe同时成为当年在那里建立的Arrouaisian社区的负责人。don ' chadh Cearbaill实现了他的目标,但Malachy默许了他的愿望,这在阿马不受欢迎,并在该教区和Clogher之间留下了怨恨的遗产,这种怨恨在英国人到来后仍然存在,并直接影响了他们在那里的政策在1185年之前,没有证据表明英国人在现代洛斯郡定居,而不是掠夺,但与当地教会的联系肯定是在那个时候建立的。1177年,亨利国王确认
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Archivium Hibernicum
Archivium Hibernicum Arts and Humanities-History
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