Phylogeny of iguanodontian dinosaurs and the evolution of quadrupedality

IF 2 4区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences
Karen Poole
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引用次数: 5

Abstract

Iguanodontians are a large and biogeographically widespread group of dinosaurs, known from every modern continent, with a temporal range from the Late Jurassic through the Late Cretaceous. While the nested hadrosauroids have been studied extensively, the phylogeny of non-hadrosauroid iguanodontians remains less clear. This study presents a character matrix with 323 characters, and both parsimony and time-calibrated Bayesian analyses. While these result in different topologies, they both recover a Thescelosauridae outside of Iguanodontia. Within Iguanodontia, they both recover Muttaburrasaurus and Tenontosaurus as sister taxa to Rhabdodontidae, with a larger group of Gondwanan Rhabdodontoidea (nomen cladi novum) in the Bayesian analysis. A small Dryosauridae forms the sister group to Ankylopollexia, which has Uteodon and Camptosaurus as the most basally branching taxa. Within Styracosterna two distinct clades are recovered: Iguanodontidae, and a group of taxa with robust forelimbs. The holotype of Mantellisaurus is sister to “Dollodon”, supporting the hypothesis that these taxa are synonymous. The “hatchet-shaped” sternal thought to be a synapomorphy of Styracosterna occurs in two taxa recovered outside that group: Macrogryphosaurus and the unnamed taxon from the Kirkwood Formation of South Africa. Characters associated with quadrupedality are mapped on the phylogeny, indicating a transition from bipedality to quadrupedality occurred in a stepwise manner at the base of Ankylopollexia. Based on synapomorphies of the groups, the major innovations in Ankylopollexia were postcranial, while those of hadrosauroids were centered on dentition and the dentaries. There is a clear faunal succession from the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous non-hadrosauroid ankylopollexians to the Late Cretaceous hadrosauroids. Karen Poole. Department of Basic Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine at Arkansas State University, Wilson Hall, 2405 Aggie Rd., Jonesboro Arkansas 72401, USA. kpoole@nyit.edu
禽龙类恐龙的系统发育与四足动物的进化
禽龙是一种生物地理上分布广泛的大型恐龙,在现代各大洲都有发现,其时间范围从晚侏罗世到晚白垩纪。虽然巢类鸭嘴龙已经被广泛研究,但非鸭嘴龙禽龙的系统发育尚不清楚。本文提出了一个包含323个字符的字符矩阵,并进行了简约性和时间校准贝叶斯分析。虽然这些结果导致不同的拓扑结构,但它们都恢复了禽龙目之外的这些龙目。在禽龙目中,他们都恢复了muttaburrasurus和Tenontosaurus作为Rhabdodontidae的姐妹分类群,并在贝叶斯分析中发现了一个更大的Gondwanan Rhabdodontoidea (nomen cladi novum)群。一个小的旱龙科形成了甲龙的姐妹类群,甲龙的最基本分支类群是虎齿龙和喜树龙。在Styracosterna中恢复了两个不同的分支:禽龙科和一组具有强壮前肢的分类群。Mantellisaurus的完整型是“Dollodon”的姐妹,支持了这些分类群是同义词的假设。被认为是Styracosterna近亲的“斧头状”胸骨出现在该类群之外的两个分类群中:巨形龙和来自南非柯克伍德组的未命名分类群。与四足相关的特征在系统发育上进行了映射,表明从两足到四足的过渡是在强直阅读的基础上逐步发生的。从类群的突触形态来看,甲龙的主要进化发生在颅后,而鸭嘴龙的进化主要集中在齿列和牙列。从晚侏罗世到早白垩世非鸭嘴龙类甲龙类到晚白垩世鸭嘴龙类有明显的区系演替。凯伦普尔。阿肯色州立大学纽约理工学院骨科医学院基础科学系,Wilson Hall, Jonesboro Aggie Rd. 2405, Arkansas 72401, USAkpoole@nyit.edu
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Palaeontologia Electronica
Palaeontologia Electronica 地学-古生物学
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
20
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Founded in 1997, Palaeontologia Electronica (PE) is the longest running open-access, peer-reviewed electronic journal and covers all aspects of palaeontology. PE uses an external double-blind peer review system for all manuscripts. Copyright of scientific papers is held by one of the three sponsoring professional societies at the author''s choice. Reviews, commentaries, and other material is placed in the public domain. PE papers comply with regulations for taxonomic nomenclature established in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants.
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