Factores asociados a síndrome de aspiracion meconial en el hospital José Cayetano Heredia. Piura-Perú

Abstract

Introduction: To determine the principal risk factors in newborns associated to the presence of Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) in newborns. Methods: A case control study was performed in the Hospital Jose Cayetano Heredia EsSALUD – Piura. The population was the registers of clinical history from the year 2009 to 2011. Cases were defined as newborns with the diagnosis of SAM and controls were defined as the 3 following newborns to the case who have had meconium at birth. The variables included were characteristics of the mecomium, data of the newborn (gender, weight at birth, gestional age, apgar score at one minute and heart rate), birth (type of delivery, presence of obstetric pathology) and from the mother (age, parity and level of instruction). OR with IC=95% was used to assess the measure of the risk, and also Chi square test was applied. For the statistics analysis, SPSS 18.0 software was used. Results: The statistically significant variables associated with SAM were the presence of thick meconium (OR=12, IC 95% 3.91-36.83), Apgar score 4 (OR= 6.18, IC 95% 1.34-28.48) Conclusion: The risk factors for the development of SAM are: thick meconium, Apgar 4. We recommend a greater record of all data not only newborns, but birth and mother.